微电网储能容量配置和控制策略研究

【作者】 肖扬；

【导师】 孙向飞； 游广增；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着能源危机的愈演愈烈,加强对风、光等新型能源的利用是未来电力系统的发展方向。近年来新能源发电机组接入电力系统的比例越来越高,电力系统结构发生变化,同时其出力的间歇性和波动性等给传统电力系统的安全稳定经济运行带来巨大挑战。理论和实践证明储能技术是解决新能源接入电网而产生一系列问题的有效手段,微网中的储能系统能发挥削峰填谷、平滑可再生能源出力波动以及作为备用电源等一系列作用,对电力系统的良好运行有非常积极的意义,因此本文对储能技术的不同应用场景需求开展研究。为解决多类型负荷背景下的微电网储能容量优化配置问题,本文提出一种多类型负荷综合需求响应(Integrated demand response,IDR)的储能优化配置模型,旨在确定不同类型储能的最优容量配置。首先构建多类型负荷用能模型,并以成本的形式计入储能系统优化配置模型中;同时,为精确评估多类型负荷整体用能满意度水平,提出一种综合满意度指标,防止负荷过度响应等问题。其次,在完成储能系统容量配置的基础上,以系统运行成本最低为目标构建储能系统优化调度模型,进一步讨论不同的负荷需求响应能力及低碳参数对系统经济运行的影响等问题。最后,采用CPLEX求解器对模型进行求解,并通过算例分析验证配置和优化方法的有效性。针对微电网储能系统的控制问题,考虑到基于PQ-V/F的传统储能变流器(Power Conversion System,PCS)控制策略在微网运行模式切换期间难以维持系统的稳定运行。首先分析了微网运行模式转换时系统内电压电流冲击产生的机理,而后提出一种改进型的控制策略,在电压环中新增一个电压保持环路,并网运行时维持储能变流器在孤岛时的输出量不变,在发生非计划孤岛时通过与外加电流环的配合,完成PCS控制策略的平滑切换,保证储能系统的稳定输出,确保孤岛检测期间系统的功率平衡,进而实现了微电网运行模式的平稳过渡。最后,基于所提出的改进控制方法,在MATLAB软件里搭建模型,通过仿真验证其可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the intensification of the energy crisis,strengthening the utilization of new energy sources such as wind and light is the future development direction of the power system.In recent years,the proportion of new energy generation units connected to the power system has been increasing,and the structure of the power system has changed.At the same time,the intermittency and fluctuation of its output have brought huge challenges to the safe,stable and economic operation of traditional power systems.Theory and practice have proven that energy storage technology is an effective means to solve a series of problems caused by the integration of new energy into the power grid.Energy storage systems in microgrids can play a series of roles such as peak shaving and valley filling,smoothing renewable energy output fluctuations,and serving as backup power sources,which are of great significance for the good operation of the power system.Therefore,this article conducts research on the different application scenarios and requirements of energy storage technology.To solve the optimization configuration problem of microgrid energy storage capacity in the context of multiple types of loads,this thesis proposes an integrated demand response(IDR)energy storage optimization configuration model for multiple types of loads,aiming to determine the optimal capacity configuration for different types of energy storage.Firstly,construct a multi type load energy consumption model and include it in the energy storage system optimization configuration model in the form of cost;At the same time,to accurately evaluate the overall energy consumption satisfaction level of multiple types of loads,a comprehensive satisfaction index is proposed to prevent problems such as excessive load response.Secondly,on the basis of completing the capacity configuration of the energy storage system,an optimization scheduling model for the energy storage system is constructed with the goal of minimizing the operating cost of the system,Further discussion on the impact of different load demand response capabilities and low-carbon parameters on the economic operation of the system.Finally,the CPLEX solver is used to solve the model,and the effectiveness of the configuration and optimization methods is verified through case analysis.The control problem for microgrid energy storage systems is considered,considering that the traditional Power Conversion System(PCS)control strategy based on PQ-V/F is difficult to maintain stable operation of the system during the switching of microgrid operation modes.Firstly,the mechanism of voltage and current surge in the system during the transition of microgrid operation mode was analyzed.Then,an improved control strategy was proposed,which added a voltage holding loop in the voltage loop to maintain the output of the energy storage converter unchanged during islanding during grid connected operation.When unplanned islanding occurred,the PCS control strategy was smoothly switched in conjunction with the external current loop to ensure stable output of the energy storage system,power balance during islanding detection,and thus achieve a smooth transition of microgrid operation mode.Finally,based on the proposed improved control method,a model is built in MATLAB software and its feasibility is verified through simulation.更多还原