【作者】 胡坤；

【导师】 陈泰生；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 测绘工程（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 地图色彩是地图的基础视觉变量,好的地图色彩能促进用户对空间信息的理解,降低用户的认知负荷。然而,地图用户中存在一类特殊群体——色盲人群,他们对色彩的感知能力较弱,甚至无法区分部分色彩,导致他们在地图认知的过程中产生障碍,因此,如何为色盲人群设计好的地图色彩成为地图学研究的重要命题。现有各类媒介中存在大量地图资源,这些地图资源大多针对色觉正常人群进行设计,缺乏对色盲人群的考虑,如何将这些已有的地图资源自动转换为色盲人群能够认知的地图尤其重要。为此,本文以色盲人群为研究对象,以地图色彩为切入点,针对色盲人群对地图色彩认知能力不足的问题,本文基于色盲视觉的生理性模拟对地图无障碍色彩设计展开研究,探讨面向色盲人群的地图色彩自动增强方法。本文主要完成的研究内容和结果如下:(1)针对当前无障碍色彩研究主要集中在提高区分度,而较少考虑色彩与专题要素关联关系的问题,结合当前地图色彩设计自动化程度和效率较低的现状,采用人工蜂群算法启发式搜索颜色的同时,结合Voronoi三维空间剖分技术提高搜索效率,对每一个搜索到的配色方案进行评估,构建地图色彩自动增强模型,寻找该问题的最优解。(2)实验验证和可用性分析。设计基于眼动跟踪的地图色彩认知实验对本文方法生成的配色方案进行评价,邀请32名有色盲障碍的学生和47名正常视觉的学生参与实验。通过统计和分析被试者认知地图过程中的正确率和效率等指标,定性定量地评价本文方法的有效性。实验结果表明,对于正常视觉的参与者来说,本文方法生成的配色方案质量不低于原始地图配色;对于色盲障碍的参与者来说,本文方法生成的配色方案质量优于重着色方法配色。图[26]表[3]参[101]更多还原

【Abstract】 Map color is the fundamental visual variable of a map,and good map color can promote users’ understanding of spatial information and reduce their cognitive load.However,there is a special group of map users-color vision deficiency,who have weak color perception ability and even cannot distinguish some colors,leading to obstacles in their map cognition process.Therefore,how to design good map colors for color vision deficiency has become an important topic in cartographic research.There are a large number of map resources in various media,most of which are designed for people with normal color vision and lack consideration for color vision deficiency.It is particularly important to automatically convert these existing map resources into maps that color vision deficiency can recognize.Therefore,this paper takes the group of color vision deficiency as the research object,takes map colors as the starting point,and focuses on the problem of insufficient cognitive ability of color vision deficiency to map colors.Based on the physiological simulation of color blindness in vision,this article conducts research on the design of accessible colors for maps,and explores automatic color enhancement methods for color vision deficiency.The main research content and results completed in this paper are as follows:(1)In response to the current research on barrier-free color mainly focusing on improving discrimination and less considering the relationship between color and thematic elements,combined with the current low level of automation and efficiency in map color design,the artificial bee colony algorithm is used to heuristic search for colors while combining Voronoi 3D space partitioning technology to improve search efficiency.Each color scheme found is evaluated,and a map color automatic enhancement model is constructed to find the optimal solution to this problem.(2)Experimental verification and usability analysis.Design a map color cognition experiment based on eye tracking to evaluate the color scheme generated by the method proposed in this paper.32 students with color blindness and 47 students with normal vision were invited to participate in the experiment.Qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper by statistically analyzing indicators such as accuracy and efficiency in the cognitive mapping process of participants.The experimental results show that for participants with normal vision,the quality of the color scheme generated by our method is not lower than that of the original map color scheme;For participants with color blindness,the quality of the color scheme generated by our method is superior to color scheme of re-coloring methods.Figure [26] Table [3] Reference [101]更多还原