【作者】 陈涛；

【导师】 孟凡刚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 能量路由器是实现能源互联网和构建新型电力系统的关键节点设备,保证其功能性与可靠性至关重要。目前能量路由器的研究多倾向于中高压配电网,很少关注低压场合能量路由器中各变换器的协调控制与端口间的能量管理,同时单储能结构能量路由器无法对内部多条直流母线同时起到较好支撑效果的问题亟待解决。为此,本文以基于三级变换器的多混合储能型楼宇能量路由器为对象,主要研究了楼宇能量路由器的控制策略,包括各级变换器的拓扑形式与主拓扑的本地控制策略、多混合储能的控制策略、能量路由器的协调控制策略,并搭建实验样机对控制策略进行验证。为满足楼宇的供电要求,实现可再生能源的就地消纳与各类负荷的灵活接入,研究了楼宇能量路由器中各变换器的拓扑形式与主拓扑的本地控制策略。分析了传统单储能结构能量路由器存在的不足,提出了一种基于三级变换器的多混合储能型楼宇能量路由器,并选择了楼宇能量路由器各级变换器的拓扑形式;设计了主拓扑三级变换器的本地控制策略,采用频域法分析了控制器的性能,进而对主拓扑完成了功能设计。仿真结果表明,所设计的变换器控制策略稳态和动态性能良好,负载切换与模式切换时无冲击电压和冲击电流。为提高混合储能的控制灵活性,减小功率变化时的环流能量损失,并实现多混合储能间充放电功率的最优分配,研究了多混合储能的控制策略。分析了传统混合储能控制策略存在的问题,提出了一种基于功率前馈与超级电容功率方向优化的改进控制策略;从多混合储能的实际状态出发,确定了约束条件、决策变量与目标函数,建立了多混合储能充放电功率分配的优化模型,采用了遗传算法进行求解。仿真结果表明,所提出的改进控制策略提高了混合储能的动态响应速度,消除了充放电功率减小时因混合储能内部环流过程导致的能量损失;得到了多混合储能间充放电功率分配的最佳方案,实现了对混合储能的最优控制。为最大化利用可再生能源,并实现楼宇能量路由器的协调运行与能量管理,提出了楼宇能量路由器的分层协调控制策略。根据楼宇能量路由器的离、并网方式,将能量路由器划分为了4种大模式;根据可再生能源发电量与负载功率的关系,以及考虑电价因素,研究了能量路由器的42种小模式,分析了每种小模式下变换器的协调控制方法和功率流动方向。仿真结果表明,所采用的协调控制策略能实现楼宇能量路由器各变换器的协调运行与各端口能量的灵活管理,减小了弃光率,保证了系统运行时的稳定性和经济性。为验证所提楼宇能量路由器控制策略的可行性和有效性,搭建了能量路由器的实验样机。介绍了基于上位机监控平台的建设方案,设计了硬件电路,给出了软件编写流程,并进行了典型运行模式的实验验证。实验结果表明,所提控制策略应用在能量路由器实验样机上可行且有效,各变换器的协调运行状态与理论分析一致,在保证负载可靠用电的同时,实现了最大化利用可再生能源、系统安全稳定和经济运行的目标。本文研究了多混合储能型楼宇能量路由器的拓扑形式、本地控制策略以及协调控制策略,实现了楼宇能量路由器的协调运行控制与电能灵活管理,有助于楼宇能量路由器在低压场合的推广应用,并最终助力建筑行业节能减排的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy router is a key node device to realize the energy internet and build new power system,and it is crucial to ensure its functionality and reliability.At present,the application of energy router is mostly focused on medium and high voltage distribution networks,few attentions are paid to internal coordinated control and energy management in low voltage occasions.Meanwhile,energy router with a single storage structure can not support the internal multiple DC bus well simultaneously.Therefore,this thesis focuses on the control strategy of the building energy router with multi-hybrid energy storage based on the three-stage converter,including topology of converter at each stage,local control strategy of the main topology,control strategy of multi-hybrid energy storage and coordinated control strategy of energy router.An experimental prototype is established and the proposed control strategy is verified.In order to meet the power supply requirements of buildings,realize the local consumption of renewable energy and access various types of loads flexibly,this thesis studies the topology of each converter of building energy router and the local control strategy of main topology.The shortcomings of traditional energy router with a single storage structure are analyzed,a building energy router with multi-hybrid energy storage based on three-stage converters is further proposed,and the topology of converter at each stage of building energy router is selected.The local control strategies of main topology converters are designed,the performances of the controllers are analyzed using the frequency domain method,and then the function of the main topology is completed.Simulation results show that the designed converter control strategy has good steady-state and dynamic performance,and there is no inrush voltage and current during load switching or mode switching.In order to improve the control flexibility of hybrid energy storage,reduce the loop energy loss when power changes and achieve the optimal distribution of charging and discharging power among multi-hybrid energy storage,this thesis studies the control strategy of multi-hybrid energy storage.The problems of traditional hybrid energy storage control strategy are analyzed,further an improved control strategy based on power feedforward and supercapacitor power direction optimization is proposed.The constraints,decision variables and objective function are determined,and the optimization model of multi-hybrid energy storage charging and discharging power distribution is established and solved by genetic alg orithm.Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy improves the dynamic response speed of hybrid energy storage and eliminates the energy loss caused by the internal circulation process of hybrid energy storage.The optimal scheme of charging and discharging power distribution among multi-hybrid energy storage is obtained,and the optimal control of hybrid energy storage is realized.In order to maximize the utility of renewable energy and realize the coordinated operation and energy management of building energy router,this thesis proposes the hierarchical coordinated control strategy of building energy router.According to the island and on-grid forms of the building energy router,the energy router is divided into four major modes.Considering the electricity price,according to the relationship between renewable energy generation and load power,42sub-modes of energy router are studied.The coordinated control method and power flow of converters in each sub-mode are analyzed.Simulation results show that the proposed coordinated control strategy can realize the coordinated operation of each converter of building energy router and the flexible management of energy in each port,reduce the rate of abandoned solar,and ensure the stability and economy of system operation.In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed building energy router control strategy,this thesis establishes an experimental prototype of energy router.The construction scheme using upper computer monitoring platform is introduced,the hardware circuit is designed,the software process is given,and the experimental verifications of typical operation modes are carried out.Experimental results show that the proposed control strategy is feasible and effective on the experimental prototype.The operation states of converters are consistent with the theoretical analysis,achieving the goals of maximizing the utility of renewable energy and ensuring the safe,stable and economic operation of the system.In this thesis,the topology,local control strategy and coordinated control strategy of building energy router with multi-hybrid energy storage are studied.The coordinated operation control and flexible management of electrical energy in building energy router are realized,which help to promote the application of building energy router in low-voltage occasions and finally have effect on the development of energy saving and emission reduction in building industry.更多还原