【作者】 孙鹏；

【导师】 曹玲玲；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 能源动力（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 无线电能传输技术因电源与受电设备间无需线缆连接,大大扩展了电力传输技术的应用场景,尤其在电动汽车动态充电和植入型医疗设备无线充电等领域。目前,无线充电技术的研究及对应的产品主要集中在单个设备的无线充电上。然而多负载无线充电技术的研究仍十分有限。单发射线圈和多个接收线圈构成的多负载无线充电系统具有小尺寸、轻重量、低成本和用户体验度好等优势。但是,当负载变化时,由于线圈之间的交叉耦合,使系统的传输特性发生变化,从而导致系统存在充电效率降低和负载功率相互耦合的问题。因此需要在变负载的条件下对系统的充电特性进行研究,提出可行的控制策略和补偿拓扑,在高效率的充电状态下实现负载功率解耦。本文首先以多负载无线电能传输系统作为研究对象,通过对多负载之间的耦合作用进行分析,建立了多负载等效漏感模型,并给出了模型成立条件。负载发生变化时会对系统的高输入功率和功率分配比例造成影响。为此,提出变输入功率解耦方案,当负载变化时,改变输入功率使其他负载的输出功率不受影响。为追踪负载变化,以Goertzel算法对系统输入阻抗进行辨识;为实现输入功率的控制,采用单相全桥逆变移相控制和前级级联Buck电路两种输入调压方案;负载变化还会影响整个系统的输入电抗,为了提高系统功率因数设计了开关电容对输入阻抗进行动态补偿。最后,以PSIM仿真进行了验证。由于高次谐波的存在使阻抗辨识的结果存在误差,变输入功率解耦方案不能实现负载功率的完全解耦。为此提出在多负载无线电能传输系统中应用S/SP补偿结构,使每路负载具有恒定的输出电压,实现负载间功率解耦。以PSIM仿真进行了验证。最后,搭建了三负载无线充电系统的实验样机,对本文中基于多负载等效漏感模型提出的功率分配方案和恒输出电压功率解耦方案进行了实验验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless power transmission technology greatly expands the application scenarios of power transmission technology as no cable connection is required between the power source and the receiving device,especially in areas such as dynamic charging of electric vehicles and wireless charging of implantable medical devices.At present,research into wireless charging technology and the corresponding products are mainly focused on wireless charging of individual devices.However,research into multi-load wireless charging technology is still very limited.Multi-load wireless energy transmission systems consisting of a single transmitting coil and multiple receiving coils have the advantages of small size,light weight,low cost and good user experience.However,when the load varies,the crosscoupling between the coils leads to changes in the transmission characteristics of the system,which causes a reduction in charging efficiency and mutual coupling of load power.Therefore,the charging characteristics of the system under variable load conditions need to be studied and feasible control strategies and compensation topologies need to be proposed to achieve load power decoupling under efficient charging states.This paper firstly takes the multi-load radio energy transmission system as the research object and establishes a multi-load equivalent leakage model by analysing the mutual coupling effect between multiple loads and gives the conditions for the model to hold.Changes in load can have an impact on the high input power and power distribution ratio of the system.For this reason,a variable input power decoupling scheme is proposed.When the load changes,the input power is changed so that the output power of other loads is not affected.In order to track the load variation,the Goertzel algorithm is used to identify the input impedance of the system;to control the input power,two input voltage regulation schemes are used: single-phase fullbridge inverter phase shift control and front cascade Buck circuit;the load variation also affects the input reactance of the whole system,so to improve the system power factor,a switched capacitor is designed to dynamically compensate the input impedance.Finally,a PSIM simulation is used to verify the system.Due to the presence of high harmonics,the impedance identification results are inaccurate,resulting in a variable input power decoupling scheme that does not achieve complete decoupling of the load power.The S/SP compensation structure is proposed to decouple the power between the loads by giving each load a constant output voltage in a multi-load wireless energy transmission system.This is verified with PSIM simulations.Finally,an experimental prototype of a three-load wireless charging system is built to experimentally validate the multi-load leakage equivalence proposed in this paper and the load power distribution scheme and constant output voltage power decoupling scheme derived from this model.更多还原