【作者】 孙宁；

【导师】 宋聚生；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 城乡规划学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 县城在我国城镇体系中占据重要地位,随着城镇化进入下半场,县城作用将越发凸显。县城的公共空间作为人居环境中的重要组成部分,却存在建设粗犷,盲目模仿大城市模式开发等问题,其设计与建造与县城群众的需求脱节。相关理论表明,社会与空间之间存在相互影响的辩证关系,社交活动是衔接二者的重要节点。本研究梳理学界研究,总结熟人社会特征与分类;并根据县城保有基层社会特点的现实,提出熟人社会理论对县城有适用性的假设。根据以上内容,本研究认为熟人社会背景对社交活动有着不可忽视的影响,并认为公共空间的设计应契合熟人社会影响下的社交活动特征,从而展开公共空间优化策略研究。本研究通过文献法,从多角度对熟人社会理论适用县城做详细论证;并通过调研与查阅文献等方式以光泽县城为例对其社会情况进行现实论证,并总结光泽县城内宗族型、单位型、街坊型、邻里型、其他型五类熟人社会的特征;进一步通过现场访谈的方式获取一手资料,运用文本分析法总结熟人社会特征在县城社交活动中的行为体现。对光泽县城的社交活动特征进行深入研究,一方面,通过问卷法与访谈法从整体和各类别的角度,分别分析光泽县城内参与社交活动群体的社交主体特征,如主体多样性、拓展主体方式,社交方式特征,如活动类型、数量、出行与活动时间等;另一方面,通过Arcgis平台将问卷中的位置信息进行可视化呈现和分析,对各类型群体的社交网络分布情况进行分析,并对出行地点、活动地点分布等进行分析。通过问卷统计与对访谈结果的文本分析,对社交目的、社交活动评价进行解析,结合前述内容,总结光泽县城社交活动的需求特征;将需求特征综合调研中发现的光泽县城公共空间的供给情况与问卷中得到的对公共空间的评价情况,对供需之间的不匹配作归纳。在此基础上基于供需问题,从公共空间运行和空间设计层面提出优化策略。公共空间运行层面,熟人社会背景下县城公共空间有着较强的自治潜力,通过熟人团体保障空间建设参与,通过熟人社会舆论等特征支撑空间建设效果。公共空间设计层面,公共空间要着重加强步行体系构建,增强夜间活力提升,加强安全性提升;针对各类熟人社会社区,提出宗族型空间应注重空间肌理和生活性空间建设,单位型空间应注重单位记忆提取与生活方式延续,街坊型空间应注重零碎空间利用并强化空间公共性,邻里型空间应强化亲子与室内活动;针对熟人社会的社会融合需求,提出设计中要加强融合作用,注重空间公共性和复合性。更多还原

【Abstract】 County towns occupy an important position in China’s urban system,and as urbanization enters the second half,the role of county towns will become increasingly prominent.The public space in the county seat,as an important component of the living environment,has problems such as rough construction and blind imitation of the development model of a big city,and its design and construction are disconnected from the needs of the people in the county seat.Relevant theories indicate that there is a dialectical relationship between society and space,and social activities are important nodes connecting the two.This study summarizes academic research and summarizes the social characteristics and classification of acquaintances;And based on the reality of maintaining grassroots social characteristics in the county town,propose the hypothesis that the acquaintance society theory is applicable to the county town.Based on the above content,this study believes that the social background of acquaintances has an undeniable impact on social activities,and believes that the design of public spaces should be in line with the characteristics of social activities under the influence of acquaintances’ society,thus conducting research on public space optimization strategies.This study provides a detailed demonstration of the applicability of acquaintance society theory to county towns from multiple perspectives through literature review;Through investigation and literature review,the paper takes Guangze County as an example to demonstrate its social situation,and summarizes the characteristics of five types of acquaintance society in Guangze County: clan type,unit type,neighborhood type,and other types;Further obtain first-hand information through on-site interviews,and use text analysis to summarize the behavioral manifestations of acquaintances’ social characteristics in county social activities.To conduct in-depth research on the characteristics of social activities in Guangze County,on the one hand,through questionnaires and interviews,analyze the characteristics of social subjects of groups participating in social activities in Guangze County from the perspective of the whole and various categories,such as the diversity of subjects,the way of expanding subjects,and the characteristics of social methods,such as activity types,quantity,travel and activity time;On the other hand,the Arcgis platform visualizes and analyzes the location information in the questionnaire,analyzes the social network distribution of various types of groups,and analyzes the distribution of travel and activity locations.Through questionnaire statistics and text analysis of interview results,the social purpose and social activity evaluation are analyzed,and the demand characteristics of social activities in Guangze County are summarized based on the above contents;Summarize the mismatch between supply and demand by combining the supply of public space in Guangze County found in the comprehensive survey of demand characteristics with the evaluation of public space obtained in the questionnaire.Based on supply and demand issues,optimization strategies are proposed from the perspectives of public space operation and space design.At the operational level of public space,under the background of acquaintance society,the public space in county towns has strong autonomy potential.The participation of acquaintance groups in space construction is ensured,and the effectiveness of space construction is supported by characteristics such as acquaintance social public opinion.At the level of public space design,emphasis should be placed on strengthening the construction of pedestrian systems,enhancing nighttime vitality,and enhancing safety;For various social communities with acquaintances,it is proposed that clan type spaces should focus on spatial texture and living space construction,unit type spaces should pay attention to unit memory extraction and lifestyle continuation,neighborhood type spaces should focus on the utilization of fragmented spaces and strengthen spatial publicity,and neighborhood type spaces should strengthen parent-child and indoor activities;In response to the social integration needs of acquaintance society,it is proposed to strengthen the integration role in design,and pay attention to the public and composite nature of the space.更多还原