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泛喜马拉雅地区藤黄科的分类修订

Taxonomic Revision of Clusiaceae from Pan-Himalaya

【作者】 王磊

【导师】 张志翔;

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 , 野生动植物保护与利用, 2018, 硕士

【摘要】 藤黄科(Clusiaceae)为中等大小的木本植物科,全世界约1000种,主要分布于热带地区。对生的革质叶、黄色或白色的(少见)乳汁是藤黄科区别于其它科的主要特征。由于藤黄科现有标本材料少且标本采集困难,种内性状变异较大,研究不够深入,给藤黄科的分类工作带来很大困难。目前,泛喜马拉雅地区藤黄科植物包含的种数不明确,名称、模式尚需重新考证,形态学描述有待于进一步补充,应予以修订。本研究考证了泛喜马拉雅地区涉及的藤黄科学名25个,查阅了国内外22个主要标本馆的3000余份标本,在云南西北部、西藏东南部等地采集标本,在野外居群观测的基础上,对藤黄科主要形态性状进行评价:花瓣数目、雄蕊成束或分离、花柱长短是重要的分属性状;柱头形态是藤黄属重要的分组性状;花着生部位、花序类型、侧脉数量是藤黄属主要的分种依据。选取2个核基因(ITS,GBSSI)DNA序列片段,运用分子系统学手段对分布在泛喜马拉雅及邻近地区藤黄科的3属11个种进行系统发育分析。研究结果支持形态学对藤黄属的划分。本研究最终确定泛喜马拉雅地区藤黄科植物3属11种。归并学名2个,发现新分布记录1种。本文给出分种检索表,绘制11个种的地理分布图和8个种的墨线图。

【Abstract】 Clusiaceae is a medium–sized woody family,which has 1000 species approximately all over the world,and mainly distributes in tropical region.Opposite leathery leaves,yellow or white milk are the main characteristics that distinguish from other families.Because of lacking specimens,specimens acquisition difficult,high level of variation within species,Clusiaceae is one difficult taxon for classification in the past.There is no comprehensive study on Clusiaceae from Pan-Himalaya.The specific number of species of Clusiaceae is not clear.Problems about nomenclature,type,and morphological characteristics still exist.The revision is necessary.In this study,25 scientific names that have been validly published are researched textually and more than 3000 specimens from 22 herbaria all over the world were checked.Specimens are collected from Xizang,Yunnan.Morphological characters are evaluated based on observation among population.Petal numbers,stamens bundles or not,style length are found to be significant in distinguishing genera.Stigma is significant in distinguishing section.Inflorescence location,inflorescence form,number of lateral veins are effective in distinguishing species.Two nuclear DNA sequences(ITS,GBSSI)were employed,11 species were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of Clusiaceae.The result supports the morphological classification of Garcinia.Eventually,11 species of three generas are confirmed from Pan-Himalaya.Two names are disposed as new synonyms.One new record was added.The author provides distribution maps of 11 species and illustrations of eight species.Key was also provided.

  • 【分类号】Q949.758.5
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