【作者】 王宇；

【导师】 巴信武； 张海磊；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 环氧树脂是一种具有三维网状结构的刚性高分子材料,具有优异的力学性能、电绝缘性、高粘接性和低成本等优点。但环氧树脂的高交联密度使其存在脆性大、抗冲击性低和抗开裂性差等不足,限制了环氧树脂的应用,因此对环氧树脂进行增韧改性,并通过引入功能化填料,进一步拓展其应用领域具有重要意义,是高分子材料高附加值化发展的重要研究方向之一。埃洛石纳米管是一种与聚合物基材具有相容性、良好水分散性、高的长径比且易于表面改性的天然矿物材料。基于埃洛石纳米管的改性引入功能化基元,进一步与环氧树脂进行复合,将有望赋予其优良力学性能的同时进一步拓展环氧树脂复合材料的应用领域。基于以上构想,本文进行了如下研究工作:第一章:本章简要介绍了环氧树脂、增韧改性和应用进展,以及埃洛石纳米管的概述及其复合材料的研究进展。提出了本文的研究目的和意义。第二章:本章合成了环氧树脂@Tb基埃洛石纳米管型复合材料,探究了Tb基埃洛石纳米管不同掺杂比例对环氧树脂基体力学性能的影响,以及其在X射线领域的应用。以埃洛石纳米管为基材,通过水热合成法制备了X射线激发闪烁体材料（Tb基埃洛石纳米管）,并以其为填料,加入到环氧树脂基体中,显著的提高了环氧树脂的力学性能,拓展了环氧树脂在X射线成像,信息加密和防护服领域的应用。第三章:本章使用水热合成法合成了具有X射线荧光性能的闪烁体材料HNTs@YF₃:Eu³⁺,探索了不同Eu³⁺掺杂浓度对复合材料光学性质的影响,确定了最优投料比。合成的HNTs@YF₃:0.15Eu³⁺在X射线激发下发出强烈的红色荧光。将其引入到环氧树脂基体中,显著提高了环氧树脂复合材料的压缩性能,同时将其与Tb基埃洛石纳米管以不同比例加入到环氧树脂基体中,制备辐射发光性能可调的环氧树脂复合材料,为环氧树脂在辐射发光领域的研究拓宽思路。第四章:本章以埃洛石纳米管为基材,利用乳液聚合法制备了埃洛石纳米管基网巢状微球,通过水热合成法在其表面生长Mo S₂纳米颗粒,合成了Mo S₂/HNTs复合微球,经过一系列结构性能表征,证明了Mo S₂纳米颗粒的成功附着。并对其微波吸收性能进行了测试,结果表明,厚度为8 mm时,在频率为16.91 GHz处,出现RL_min为-25.47d B,有效吸收宽带为3.10 GHz。这说明Mo S₂的优异结构和理化性能能够有效的提高埃洛石纳米管基网巢状微球的微波吸收能力。并进一步将具有电磁波吸收性能的Mo S₂/HNTs复合微球添加到环氧树脂基体,制备复合材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Epoxy resin is a rigid polymer material with a three-dimensional network structure,which has excellent mechanical properties,electrical insulation,high adhesion and low cost.However,the high crosslinking density of epoxy resin makes it brittle,with low impact resistance and poor cracking resistance,which limits the application of epoxy resin.Therefore,it is of great significance to toughen epoxy resin and further expand its application field by introducing functional fillers,which is one of the important research directions for the development of high value-added polymer materials.Halloysite nanotubes is a kind of natural mineral material that has good compatibility with polymer substrate,good water dispersion,high aspect ratio and easy surface modification.Based on the modification of halloysite nanotubes,the functional primitive is introduced to further compound with epoxy resin,which is expected to give it excellent mechanical properties and further expand the application field of epoxy resin composites.Based on the above ideas,this paper carries out the following research work:Chapter 1:This chapter briefly introduces the progress of epoxy resin,toughening modification and application,as well as the overview of halloysite nanotubes and the research progress of composites.The purpose and significance of this paper are presented.Chapter 2:In this chapter,the epoxy resin@Tb-halloysite nanotubes composite was synthesized,and the influence of different doping ratios of Tb-halloysite nanotubes on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin matrix was investigated,as well as its application in X-ray field.X-ray excited scintillator material（Tb-halloysite nanotubes）was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method using halloysite nanotubes as substrate,and was added to epoxy resin matrix with it as filler,which significantly improved the mechanical properties of epoxy resin and expanded the application of epoxy resin in X-ray imaging,information encryption and protective clothing.Chapter 3:In this chapter,the scintillator material HNTs@YF₃:Eu³⁺with X-ray fluorescence properties was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis method.The effects of different Eu³⁺doping concentrations on the optical properties of the composite were investigated,and the optimal feeding ratio was determined.The synthesized HNTs@YF₃:0.15Eu³⁺fluoresces strongly in red under X-ray excitation.Introducing it into the epoxy resin matrix significantly improves the compression performance of epoxy resin composite materials.At the same time,it is added to the epoxy resin matrix in different proportions with Tb-halloysite nanotubes to prepare epoxy resin composite materials with adjustable radiation luminescence performance,which broadens the research ideas of epoxy resin in the field of radiation luminescence.Chapter 4:In this chapter,halloysite nanotubes were used as the substrate to prepare HNTs-based nest-like microspheres by emulsion polymerization method.Mo S₂ nanoparticles were grown on the surface by hydrothermal synthesis method,and Mo S₂/HNTs composite microspheres were synthesized.After a series of structural properties characterization,the successful adhesion of Mo S₂ nanoparticles was proved.The results show that when the thickness is 8 mm and the frequency is 16.91 GHz,the RL_min is-25.47 d B and the effective absorption bandwidth is 3.10 GHz.This shows that the excellent structure and physical and chemical properties of Mo S₂ can effectively improve the microwave absorption capacity of HNTs-based nest-like microspheres.Furthermore,Mo S₂/HNTs composite microspheres with electromagnetic wave absorption performance were added to the epoxy resin matrix to prepare the composite material.更多还原