【作者】 李杰；

【导师】 王松岩；

【作者基本信息】 武汉体育学院 ， 体育教学（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的:本研究旨在通过对比分析复合式训练与反复冲刺训练对提高青少年女足运动员下肢爆发力和多向速度的效果差异,探究不同训练方法在青少年女足专项体能训练中的优劣特点和适用性,为优化训练方案、提高训练质量提供参考。研究方法:研究采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法和实验法等方法,选取在全国青少年女足队伍中具有代表性的武汉市足协U16女足梯队28名运动员为研究对象,随机分为复合式训练组、反复冲刺训练组和对照组,进行为期6周的训练干预,并于干预训练前后一周进行立定跳远、垂直跳、505敏捷测试、T形敏捷测试和30米冲刺等指标测试。得出实验数据后,采用描述性统计分析、配对样本t检验、重复测量方差分析(ANOVA)、效应量分析(Cohen’s d)等方法对实验结果数据进行统计学分析和对比讨论。实验结果:(1)反复冲刺训练组在立定跳远、505敏捷测试、T型敏捷测试和30米冲刺等4项测试中的表现均显著优于复合式训练组和对照组(p<0.05),且效应量最大,说明反复冲刺训练对提升青少年女足运动员多个关键运动能力具有更加显著的综合促进作用;(2)复合式训练组在垂直跳测试中的表现最佳,提示其可能对提高垂直跳能力具有特殊的促进效果,但在其他测试项目中的表现不如反复冲刺训练组;(3)反复冲刺训练组在起始加速度、变向敏捷性等方面的提高尤为突出,与女足运动的特点和需求契合度更高;(4)反复冲刺训练在运动员主观感受和教练员评价中的适用性、可行性评分均高于复合式训练。研究结论:(1)反复冲刺训练是提升青少年女足运动员多个关键运动能力的最有效方法。(2)复合式训练在提高垂直跳能力方面具有独特优势,可作为反复冲刺训练的有效补充。3)训练方法的选择应根据运动员的具体需求和目标进行针对性搭配。(4)训练方法还需进一步优化和创新,以追求更佳的训练效果。在未来的训练实践中,教练员不仅要重视反复冲刺训练等优势训练方法的应用,也要注意对各种训练方法进行优化改进和创新发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research Objective: This study aims to analyze the differential effects of composite training versus repeated sprint training on enhancing lower limb explosive power and multidirectional speed in adolescent female soccer players.It explores the advantages and applicability of different training methods in the specific physical training of adolescent female soccer,providing references for optimizing training programs and improving training quality.Research Methods: The study utilized methods such as literature review,questionnaire surveys,expert interviews,and experimental methods.It included 28 athletes from the representative Wuhan Football Association U16 Women’s Soccer Team,randomly divided into a composite training group,a repeated sprint training group,and a control group.They underwent a 6-week training intervention,with tests carried out before and after the training,including standing long jump,vertical jump,505 agility test,T-test,and 30-meter sprint.The experimental data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis,paired sample t-tests,repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA),and effect size analysis(Cohen’s d).Experimental Results:(1)The repeated sprint training group significantly outperformed the composite training group and the control group in the standing long jump,505 agility test,T-test,and the 30-meter sprint(p<0.05),with the largest effect size.This indicates that repeated sprint training has a more significant comprehensive effect on enhancing several key athletic abilities in adolescent female soccer players.(2)The composite training group excelled in the vertical jump test,suggesting it may have a special promotive effect on increasing vertical jump capability.However,its performance in other tests was not as effective as the repeated sprint training group.(3)The improvements in initial acceleration and change of direction agility were particularly notable in the repeated sprint training group,aligning more closely with the characteristics and demands of female soccer.(4)In terms of athlete’s subjective perception and coach evaluations,the applicability and feasibility of repeated sprint training scored higher than composite training.Research Conclusions(1)Repeated sprint training is the most effective approach to enhance the essential athletic abilities of young female soccer players.(2)Compound training possesses unique advantages in enhancing vertical jump ability and can serve as an effective supplement to repeated sprint training.(3)The selection of training methods should be tailored according to the specific needs and objectives of athletes.(4)Further optimization and innovation of the training method are required to achieve superior training outcomes.In the future,更多还原