【作者】 李帅；

【导师】 刘明言；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 化学工程与技术， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 地热能作为一种非化石能源,可以为实现双碳目标做出贡献。但是,在地热能的生产和利用过程中存在着结垢问题,需要加以解决。因此,有必要开展地热流体在井筒中的结垢位置预测研究以及阻垢剂的开发。本论文以河北省博野县的两口地热井作为主要的研究对象。通过对井口管道的实地观测可知这两口地热井都在不同位置处发生了碳酸钙结垢。首先基于能量守恒、质量守恒和动量守恒方程,建立了预测地热井筒结垢位置的简捷数学模型。通过该模型可以计算出这两口井的结垢位置数值,将其与实际测得的数值进行对比分析,发现其误差率分别为5.7%和1.5%。其次,借助于人工神经网络(ANNs),在已知地热井给定条件下的结垢位置时,模拟预测了条件改变时,地热流体在井筒中的结垢位置,需要将地热流体在井口和井底的温度、压力以及井深等参数作为输入变量,训练了三层ANNs结构,实现了 ANNs模型的合适精度,可作为预测结垢位置的一种代理模型而存在。最后开发了一种阻垢剂,由丙烯酸(AA)、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)、烯丙基磺酸钠(SAS)、柠檬酸(CA)和谷氨酸钠(MSG)五种单体聚合而成,通过实验发现在150℃～200℃条件下,其阻垢率可以达到94%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Geothermal energy,as a non-fossil energy source,can contribute to achieving the dual carbon goal.However,there is a scaling problem in the production and utilization of geothermal energy,which needs to be solved.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out the research on the prediction of the scaling position of geothermal fluid in the wellbore and the development of inhibitor.This paper takes two geothermal wells in Boye County,Hebei Province as the main research object.The field observation of the wellhead pipeline shows that the two geothermal wells have calcium carbonate scaling at different locations.Firstly,based on the equations of energy conservation,mass conservation and momentum conservation,a concise mathematical model for predicting the scaling location of geothermal wellbore is established.Through this model,the scaling position value of the two wells can be calculated,and the comparison and analysis of the scale with the actual measured value shows that the error rate is 5.7%,and 1.5%.Secondly,with the help of artificial neural networks(ANNs),when the scaling position of geothermal well under given conditions is known,the scaling position of geothermal fluid in the wellbore is simulated and predicted when the conditions change.It is necessary to take the temperature,pressure and well depth of geothermal fluid at the wellhead and bottom of the well as other parameters as input variables,train the three-layer ANNs structure,and realize the appropriate accuracy of ANNs model,It can be used as a proxy model to predict the scaling location.Finally,a scale inhibitor was developed,which was polymerized by five monomers:acrylic acid(AA),hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA),sodium allyl sulfonate(SAS),citric acid(CA)and sodium glutamate(MSG).It was found that the scale inhibition rate could reach more than 94%at 150℃～200℃.更多还原