【作者】 王博；

【导师】 张龙； 张凤梧；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 南湖岛是在保留旧有龙王庙的基础上拓展而成的景观建筑群,是乾隆皇帝营造清漪园(颐和园)三山意象的重要手笔,与昆明湖西岸耕织图以及周边的稻田景观共同组成了中国传统农耕文明图景。基于系统的测绘调查与相关修缮黄册、陈设册、样式雷图档、宫廷绘画、文人笔记、使臣日记等历史文献档案的整理分析,本文对南湖岛的营修历程进行了系统的梳理,揭示乾隆朝围绕旧有龙王庙展开设计,奠定东中西三路的整体格局;嘉庆朝改望蟾高阁为单层涵虚堂,拆除北向环岛围廊,以及光绪朝重修扩宽西路第一进院落、添建值房等历史史实。结合同期实例,对乾隆朝南湖岛的空间格局进行探讨与复原研究,再现南湖岛北侧游廊环绕,望蟾高阁耸立,北有敞厅,南有牌楼的景观格局与金明竞水的空间意象;发现南湖岛延续场地文脉、延续既有建筑尺度、多轴线塑造转换的设计方法与策略。通过相关御制诗、陈设册、起居注的分析,指出祭祀祈雨、视事、游观、阅操是帝后在南湖岛的主要园林活动,及其农耕文明、镜中图画、君王明察、澹泊超然的审美内涵。在清代皇家祈雨体系下审视南湖岛广润祠(龙王庙)群祀五处祈雨庙之一的定位,揭示了祈雨活动、仪轨与建筑空间的关系。研究深化了颐和园南湖岛的历史、空间与价值认知,为后续的遗产保护与展示利用奠定了坚实基础;揭示的设计思想与方法,对当代建筑与景观设计也具有重要的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nanhu Island,Summer Palace is a landscape architecture complex reserved and expanded based on the Dragon King Temple.It is an important design of the Qingyi Garden(Summer Palace)in Qianlong Period.Together with the farmers ploughing and weaving on the west bank of Kunming Lake and the surrounding paddy field landscape,they present a picture of traditional Chinese agricultural civilization.This paper reviews in a systematic way the construction process of Nanhu Island through field mapping and investigation,repair archives,display booklets,Yangshi Lei Archives,palace paintings,scholars’ notes,and envoys’ diary.It is revealed that the Island was designed in the Qianlong Period,during which the overall layout of eastern,middle,and western routes were confirmed.During the Jiaqing Period,the Wangchan Pavilion was rebuilt into the single-storey Hanxu Hall and the northward corridor around the island was demolished.During the Guangxu Period,the first courtyard in the western route was expanded and janitor’s rooms were added.Through a comparative study of the instances in the same period,the paper discusses and restores the spatial layout of Nanhu Island in Qianlong Dynasty.The arrangement was relived with corridor and open hall in the north,the Wangchan Pavilion towering in the east,memorial archways in the south,and water surrounding the island.By studying the imperial poems,display booklets,and records of the emperor’s words and acts,the paper points out that the main activities of emperors and empresses on the Island include sacrifice,rain praying,official events,sightseeing,and military exercise inspection.Underlying values are agricultural tradition,picturesque scenery,gentlemen’s manners,and a detached mindset.Within the royal rain-praying system of the Qing Dynasty,the paper reviews the position of Guangrun Temple(Dragon King Temple for rain praying)on the island and analyses the relationship between rain-praying activities,traditional manners and routines,and architectural space.The paper deepens the understanding of Nanhu Island,Summer Palace in history,space,and value,and lays foundation for future heritage protection,display,and utilization.The idea and methods of design are also of significance for contemporary architecture and landscape design.更多还原