【作者】 陈丹；

【导师】 王三秀；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 社会工作， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在长达三十多年的计划生育政策的严格执行下,我国在人口数量控制上取得了可观的效果,但也同时产生了大量的独生子女家庭,与此对应的失独老人规模也不在少数。对于经济需求基本能够得到满足的城市失独老人而言,其情感需求日益突出。同时由于缺乏子女这一强有力的亲属情感支持,极易产生一系列的消极情绪。基于此背景,笔者梳理相关文献后发现,对于失独老人消极情绪的缓解,小组工作的介入常能发挥一定的成效。因此,笔者以武汉市Z街道的失独老人为服务对象,在经过参与式观察、半结构访谈以及开展需求评估的基础上,以社会支持理论和情绪ABC理论为指导,运用小组工作方法对具有消极情绪的失独老人开展服务。在情绪调节的心理层面,协助老人肯定自我价值,转变不合理的信念,释放抑郁和孤独的负面情绪;在增强体质的身体健康层面,协助并指导老人加强自我身体锻炼,发展兴趣爱好;在支持外延的社会支持层面,构建情感支持小组,互帮互助,搭建支持网络。通过构建失独老人非亲属情感支持小组弥补其亲属情感支持的不足,帮助失独老人缓解消极情绪。最后,通过将定性与定量的研究方法相结合,评估小组工作的介入效果,发现组员在参与小组活动后,其抑郁水平和孤独感等级均有一定程度的下降,并且在身体健康层面和社会支持层面发生了积极的变化。小组内的老人因为相似的经历引起情感上的共鸣,彼此之间的交流与沟通显著增加,构建起了牢固的情感支持网络。这说明通过构建非亲属情感支持小组对于失独老人的消极情绪缓解具有重要改善作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the strict implementation of the family planning policy for over thirty years,China has achieved considerable results in population control,but at the same time,it has also generated a large number of only child families,corresponding to the number of elderly people who have lost their independence.For urban elderly people who have lost their independence and whose economic needs can be basically met,their emotional needs are becoming increasingly prominent.At the same time,due to the lack of strong emotional support from relatives such as children,a series of negative emotions are easily generated.Based on this background,after reviewing relevant literature,the author found that the intervention of group work can often have a certain effect on alleviating the negative emotions of elderly people who have lost independence.Therefore,based on participatory observation,semi structured interviews,and needs assessment,and guided by social support theory and emotional ABC theory,the author uses group work methods to provide services to elderly people with negative emotions who have lost their independence in Z Street,Wuhan City.On the psychological level of emotional regulation,assist the elderly in affirming their self worth,transforming irrational beliefs,and releasing negative emotions such as depression and loneliness;Assist and guide the elderly in strengthening their physical fitness and developing their interests and hobbies;At the social support level of support extension,build emotional support groups,help each other,and build support networks.By building a non relatives emotional support group for the elderly who have lost their independence,we can make up for the lack of emotional support from their relatives and help the elderly who have lost their independence alleviate their negative emotions.Finally,by combining qualitative and quantitative research methods to evaluate the intervention effect of group work,it was found that after participating in group activities,group members’ levels of depression and loneliness decreased to a certain extent,and positive changes occurred in physical health and social support.The elderly in the group have emotional resonance due to similar experiences,and their communication and communication with each other have significantly increased,building a strong emotional support network.This indicates that the establishment of a non relatives emotional support group has an important improvement effect on the negative emotional relief of the elderly who have lost their independence.更多还原