【作者】 刘璐；

【导师】 汤玉刚；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的蓬勃发展和教育水平的显著提升,家长们对子女的学业水平赋予了更高的期望。然而,优质教育资源的匮乏催生了一系列教育行业的乱象,如天价学区房和大量校外培训等,这些问题不仅引发了家长和学生的集体焦虑,也对教育公平和质量构成了挑战。为了解决上述问题,中共中央办公厅和国务院办公厅于2021年7月发布了《关于进一步减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担的意见》(以下简称“双减”政策)。尽管如此,在“双减”政策的执行过程中,仍存在一些现实问题亟需深入调查研究和解决。本研究以霍恩-米特政策执行模型为理论基础,结合协同治理理论,运用调查法、访谈法对J市“双减”政策实施状况进行了调查研究。研究发现,尽管J市在“双减”政策执行过程中取得了一定的成效,但仍面临着多重困境:首先,政策标准不够明确。“双减”政策部分内容的合理性受到质疑,政策的可行性与现实需求存在差异;其次,政策执行不到位。执行过程中出现了机械性执行、替换性执行以及应付性执行的情况;最后,政策目标群体认同度低。在目标群体中出现了家长对校外培训需求增加,学生对闲暇时间利用率低、校外培训机构谋求生存等现象。进一步分析这些问题的成因,研究认为主要源于三个方面:一是政策制定的有限性,二是横向职能部门间的沟通与协调欠佳,三是政策执行主体的认知水平和观念难以转变。针对这些问题,本文提出了具有针对性和可行性的解决建议:第一,要优化政策配套内容设计。提高政策的合理性,细化地方配套政策,规范教学管理。第二,增强政策执行机构执行力。细化部门职责提高执行力,完善执行部门联动机制,健全政策执行监督机制,加强完善“家校社”联动机制;第三,提高政策目标群体认同度。加强政策宣传,扩大社会公众参与度,提高目标群体认同感。本研究通过对“双减”政策执行困境的深入剖析,提出了一系列切实可行的对策建议,旨在推进“双减”政策的有效实施并促进学生全面发展。不仅为“双减”政策的进一步完善提供参考,同时也对提升地区的整体教育质量和实现教育公平起到了积极的推动作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the improvement of China’s economic development and education level,parents have paid more attention to their children’s academic work.However,the lack of high-quality education resources has led to chaos in the education industry,such as sky-high school district housing and a large number of extracurricular training,which has triggered collective anxiety among parents and students.In order to solve the above problems and regulate extracurricular training institutions,the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Further Reducing the Assignment Burden and Extracurricular Training Burden of Students in Compulsory Education Stage(hereinafter referred to as the "double reduction" policy)in July 2021.Nevertheless,in the implementation of the "double reduction" policy,there are still some practical problems that need to be investigated and solved.This study takes Horn-Meter policy implementation model as the theoretical basis,combines with the theory of collaborative governance,and uses the survey method and interview method to investigate the implementation status of the "double reduction" policy in J City.The study found that although J City has achieved certain results in the implementation process of the "double reduction" policy,it is still facing multiple dilemmas:first,the policy standard is not clear.The rationality of some content of the "double reduction" policy is questioned,and there is a difference between the feasibility of the policy and the realistic demand;second,the policy implementation is not in place.There are mechanical implementation,target substitution implementation and coping implementation in the implementation process;finally,the policy target group has low recognition.In the target group,there are phenomena such as parents’ demand for extracurricular training has not weakened,students’ low utilization rate of leisure time,and extracurricular training institutions seeking survival.Further analysis of the causes of these problems,the study believes that the main source of three aspects:one is the limited policy formulation,two is the horizontal communication and coordination between functional departments,three is the cognitive level and concept of policy implementation subject is still difficult to change.In view of these problems,this paper put forward targeted and feasible solutions:first,to optimize the design of policy supporting content.Improve the rationality of the policy,refine the local supporting policies,and establish a standard philosophy of running schools.Second,strengthen the implementation of policy implementation agency execution.Clear departmental responsibilities,improve the departmental linkage mechanism,establish the linkage scheme of home,school and community,improve the supervision system;third,improve the policy target group identification.Strengthen policy publicity,expand public participation.Through an in-depth analysis of the dilemma of the implementation of the "double reduction" policy,this study puts forward a series of practical countermeasures and suggestions,aiming to promote the effective implementation of the burden reduction policy and promote the all-round development of students.It not only provides a reference for the continuous improvement of the "double reduction"policy,but also plays a positive role in promoting the overall education quality of the region.更多还原