【作者】 王浩；

【导师】 李盈；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 工程管理， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国家大力倡导区块链技术的探索与应用,JN市大数据局基于数据共享的安全需求与隐私需求,建设JN市政务区块链,借助区块链具备的不可篡改、可追溯等特性,通过技术手段来保证社会主体数据流转的安全性与合规性,以优化政务数据共享流程,实现政务数据的有序可信共享。本项目除具备普通软件类项目的风险外,由于在本项目中应用的区块链属于新兴技术,涉及到的技术融合较多,为项目建设增添了诸多不确定因素,且国内外对区块链的场景落地实践相对较少,对政务区块链项目的风险管理研究较少。本文结合JN市政务区块链建设项目特点,运用项目风险管理理论并借鉴软件类项目的风险管理实践经验,进行项目风险管理研究。本文以JN市政务区块链建设项目为案例进行研究。首先采用文献研究法对项目风险因素进行初步识别,并基于德尔菲法进行二次识别,最终将本项目的风险划分为5个风险分类和21项风险因素。进而使用层次分析法构建出风险层次结构,分析专家对各项风险因素的重要性比较结果,得到判断矩阵并对判断矩阵进行一致性校验,计算出21项风险因素的层次排序。然后根据已确认的风险因素权重,运用模糊评价法确定评价尺度集,计算各项风险因素的隶属度、模糊评定向量,再计算出各风险分类和风险因素的风险大小。最后基于风险识别及评价结果,对21项风险因素分重要风险、次要风险、一般风险分别制定应对措施,以推动项目的成功落地。通过对JN市政务区块链建设项目的风险管理研究,形成了较为完善的风险管理体系,对风险因素进行了全面识别,避免了因遗漏风险造成重大损失的情况。并通过对风险权重的计算,划分了风险等级,在项目建设过程中,有助于指导项目建设团队将主要精力集中在重要风险的应对上,以保证通过风险应对措施,降低项目风险发生概率和影响程度的同时,将项目效益最大化。此外,对本项目的研究为区块链在政务领域的探索项目提供了风险管理研究的实践范例,具备一定的参考借鉴价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the country vigorously advocating the exploration and application of blockchain technology,JN Municipal Bureau of Big Data builds government blockchain based on the security and privacy requirements of data sharing.To optimize the government data sharing process and achieve the purpose of orderly and credible sharing of government data,with the help of the characteristics of blockchain such as non-tampering and traceability,the security and compliance of personal data circulation are guaranteed through technical means.In addition to the risks of ordinary software projects,the blockchain applied in this project is an emerging technology and involves more technology integration,which adds many uncertain factors to the project.Moreover,there is relatively little practice of blockchain scene at home and abroad,and the research on the construction and risk management of government blockchain is almost blank.This paper uses the project risk management theory and software project risk management practice experience to carry out project risk management research.In this paper,JN City’s government blockchain project was taskes as anexample.Firstly,the literature research method was used to preliminarily identify the project risk factors,and the second identification was carried out based on Delphi method.Finally,the risk of the project was divided into 5 risk categories and 21 risk factors.Then the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to construct the risk hierarchy structure,and the judgment matrix is obtained by analyzing and processing the comparison results of the importance of the risk factors.After establishing the judgment matrix and analyzing the consistency of the judgment matrix,the hierarchical ranking of 21 risk factors is obtained.Then,according to the weight of the risk factors confirmed in the analytic Hierarchy process,the fuzzy evaluation method is used to determine the evaluation scale set,calculate the membership degree of the risk factors,fuzzy evaluation vector,and then calculate the risk size of the risk classification and the risk factors.Finally,based on the results of risk identification and evaluation,21 risk factors were divided into important risk,secondary risk and general risk to formulate corresponding measures to promote the successful implementation of the project.Through the study of the risk management of this project,a relatively perfect risk management system has been formed.Comprehensive identification of risk factors is carried out to avoid the situation of significant losses due to omission of risks.And through the calculation of the risk weight,the risk level is divided.In the process of project construction,it is helpful to guide the client and the development team to focus on the important risk response.It is guaranteed that the risk response measures can reduce the probability of project risk occurrence and impact degree,and maximize the project benefit.In addition,the research on this project provides a practical example of risk management research for blockchain projects in the field of government affairs,which has certain reference value.更多还原