【作者】 李倩；

【导师】 程龙；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 金融（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 受新冠疫情的影响,国内产能恢复缓慢,经济下行,企业资金压力大,甚至破产,失业率增加;居民收入的不确定性增加,大众恐慌心理导致居民投资和日常消费低迷,金融风险有所上升。与此同时,信用卡行业竞争压力逐渐增大,传统的线下获客模式受到极大的挑战,员工风险意识薄弱,外部中介攻击,客户还款能力和还款意愿下降,套现率和新增不良率上升,信用卡行业的风险管理难度逐渐增大。本文以G银行信用卡风险管控为基础进行深入研究,分析了信用卡目前的风险管理现状,包括贷前风险管理、贷中风险管理和贷后风险管理,同时,在此基础上研究了 G银行信用卡目前面临的风险挑战:营销员风险意识低;信用卡行业风险作案手法多样,风险识别和风险管控难度大;部分地区套现浓度高。由于信息不对称,银行对客户办卡后的资金用途难以鉴别,一些客户会通过商户甚至中介进行资金套取用于投资或资金周转,这些问题的产生一部分是因为宏观环境的变化,本文运用PEST分析对于外部宏观环境进行了分析;另一部分是因为内部的风险管理体系需要完善,本文通过内部数据的多维度分析对于客群筛选和地域差异化准入进行分析。本文运用SWOT分析对于G银行信用卡风险管理的现状进行分析,对于面临的挑战制定了整体应对策略,同时针对每一个挑战制定了相对应的解决方案。第一,针对营销员风险意识低,本文在全面风险管理的基础上提出营销员职业生命周期的风险管控理念。第二,针对风险作案手法多样化、难以管控,本文将风险案件进行分类,并应用信息不对称原理理论去分析风险案件产生的原因,提出要建立完善的欺诈风险管理体系和事前风险防控体系,强化风险自查,加强跨部门联合防控,将内控合规和业内案件防控工作紧密结合,以及持续推进金融科技创新及应用。第三,针对部分地区套现浓度高,本文对于套现区域、发卡模式和发卡客户进行分析,在此基础上运用全面风险管理理论实现套现风险的全流程闭环管理,包括事前预防,做好套现风险识别和评估,事中监测管控及落实客群方向指引,事后做好堵疏结合,既要拦截套现客户和套现交易,也要挖掘优质发卡渠道和发卡客户,引导客户真实用卡,降低套现客户占比。本文应用信息不对称理论分析风险案件产生的原因,同时在全面风险管理理论基础上制定信用卡风险的闭环管理;在优化G银行信用卡风险管理制度时,提出要开展营销员职业生命周期全流程风险管控并加强跨部门联动来识别和压降风险;提出“人人都是风险官,风险防重于控,堵疏结合”的信用卡风险管理理念。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a result of the new crown epidemic,domestic production capacity has been slow to recover,the economy is in a downward spiral,enterprises are under financial pressure and even going bankrupt,and the unemployment rate has increased;the uncertainty of residents’ incomes has increased,and mass panic has led to a downturn in residents’investment and daily consumption,and financial risks have risen.With thisMeanwhile,the competitive pressure of the credit card industry has gradually increased,the traditional offline customer acquisition model has been greatly challenged,the risk awareness of employees is weak,external intermediaries attack,the repayment ability and willingness of customers to repay has decreased,the rate of cash-out and new non-performing rate has risen,and the difficulty of risk management in the credit card industry has gradually increased.This paper conducts an in-depth study based on the risk management and control of Bank G’s credit card,analyses the current risk management status of Bank G’s credit card,including pre-credit risk management,credit risk management and post-credit risk management,and,at the same time,examines the risk challenges Bank G’s credit card is currently facing on the basis of the following:low risk awareness of the marketers;a variety of risky modus operandi in the credit card industry,which makes it difficult to identify and control risks;and high concentration of cash-outs in some areas.High concentration of cash-out in some areas.Due to information asymmetry,it is difficult for banks to identify the use of customers’ funds after they have applied for a card,and some customers will use the funds through merchants or even intermediaries for investment or liquidity,and these problems are partly due to changes in the macro-environment,which is analysed in this paper by using PEST analysis;and partly due to the need to improve the internal risk management system,which is improved by the multi-dimensional analysis of internal data for customer screening.The other part is due to the internal risk management system needs to be improved,this paper analyses the customer group screening and geographically differentiated access through the internal data of multi-dimensional analysis.This paper uses SWOT analysis to analyse the current situation of credit card risk management in Bank G.It formulates an overall response strategy to the challenges faced,and at the same time develops corresponding solutions for each challenge.First,for the low risk awareness of marketers,this paper puts forward the risk control concept of marketers’career life cycle on the basis of comprehensive risk management.Secondly,in view of the diversification of risky modus operandi and the difficulty of control,this paper classifies risky cases and applies the theory of information asymmetry to analyse the reasons for risky cases,proposes the establishment of a perfect fraud risk management system and an ex ante risk prevention and control system,strengthens risk self-inspection,strengthens cross-sectoral joint prevention and control,closely integrates internal control and compliance with the industry’s prevention and control of cases and continues to push forward the innovation and application of financial science and technology.innovation and application.Thirdly,in view of the high concentration of cash-out in some areas,this paper analyses the cash-out areas,card-issuing modes and card-issuing customers,and on this basis applies the theory of comprehensive risk management to achieve the closed-loop management of the whole process of cash-out risk,which includes ex ante prevention,good identification and assessment of the risk of cash-out,ex ante monitoring,control and implementation of the customer orientation guidelines,and ex post facto combination of blocking and sparing,which includes not only blocking the customers and transactions,but also tapping the quality card-issuing scenarios and card-issuing customers.We should not only intercept cash customers and cash transactions,but also explore high-quality card-issuing scenarios and card-issuing customers,guide customers to use their cards truthfully,and reduce the proportion of cash customers.This paper applies the information asymmetry theory to analyse the causes of risk cases,and at the same time formulates the closed-loop management of credit card risks on the basis of the comprehensive risk management theory;when optimising Bank G’s credit card risk management system,it proposes to carry out the whole process of risk management and control of the marketer’s career lifecycle,and strengthen the cross-departmental linkage to identify and reduce the risks;and puts forward the idea that’everyone is a risk officer,risk In optimising Bank G’s credit card risk management system,it is proposed to carry out full-process risk management and control of marketers’ career life cycle and strengthen cross-departmental linkage to identify and reduce risks.更多还原