【作者】 张旭；

【导师】 于丽萍；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 死亡,是文学史上的永恒主题。余华和村上春树分别是中日两国当代文坛炙手可热的代表作家,而这二位作家有一个共同的特点便是热衷于描写死亡。他们的死亡书写有着很多相似的共性,但由于各自成长经历、传统历史文化的不同,也使得二人的死亡书写各有其个性。本论文将“死亡”作为切入点,以比较文学研究中的平行研究为主要研究方法,对二人作品中的死亡书写进行挖掘总结,比较其相同之处与不同之处,并进一步分析其死亡背后的社会根源及精神价值。本文的主体部分分为四章:第一章是探寻两位作家浓厚的死亡意识的形成原因,分别从个体童年独特的成长经历、动荡不安的时代阴影、西方思潮与外国文学的影响以及中日不同的文化浸染这四个方面来进行溯源;第二章是挖掘余华和村上春树小说文本中的死亡书写,并对小说中形形色色的死亡事件进行比较,归纳出死亡书写的相同点与不同点。二位作家笔下的死亡呈现有着诸多相似之处,但细细体会便会察觉其同中之异。同时,对不同类型的死亡背后的根源也进行了深入探寻,明确其各自不同的责任指向;第三章是分析二位作家叙事风格上的相同点与不同点,二位的死亡叙事笔调都有着典型黑色幽默的色彩,而与此同时,余华的书写笔调是冰冷的,不带一丝情感,被称为“零度写作”,村上则是饱含温情与关怀的,总是给与故事一个充满希望的结局。第四章是分析二位作家书写死亡背后的人文价值,探寻超越死亡的精神关照,以“死”来观“生”。余华和村上通过各自的死亡书写体现了其不同的生死观念,余华通过书写死亡来展示人与社会、历史的关系,而村上的死亡书写则更加侧重于个体生命的本真感悟,但二者都通过死亡着眼于人类的生存困境,揭露了世界的荒诞本质,展现出了对个体存在意义的思索。更多还原

【Abstract】 Death,a timeless theme in the history of literature.Yu Hua and Haruki Murakami are the most popular writers in the contemporary literary scene in China and Japan respectively,and both writers share a common characteristic of their passion for depicting death.The two writers have many similarities in their writing about death,but due to the differences in their upbringing,history and culture,each of their writing about death has its own individuality.This thesis takes "death" as an entry point,and uses parallel research in comparative literature as the main research method to excavate and summarise the writing of death in the works of the two men,compare their similarities and differences,and further analyse the social roots and spiritual values behind their deaths.This paper is divided into four main parts:Chapter 1 explores the reasons for the formation of the strong sense of death in the two writers,tracing them back to the unique upbringing of their individual childhoods,the shadows of the turbulent times,the influence of Western thinking and foreign literature,and the different cultural immersions in China and Japan.Chapter 2 explores the writing of death in Yu Hua’s and Haruki Murakami’s novels and compares the various kinds of death events in the novels to summarise the similarities and differences in the writing of death.There are many similarities in the presentation of death in the two authors’ novels,but if we look closely,we will find the differences within the similarities.At the same time,the root causes behind the deaths are explored in depth,and their different responsibilities are clarified.Chapter 3 is to analyse the similarities and differences in the narrative styles of the two writers.The tone of their descriptions of death has the typical colour of black humour,but Yu Hua’s writing tone is cold,without a trace of emotion,and is known as "zero-degree writing",whereas Haruki Murakami’s is full of warmth and care,and always gives the story a hopeful ending.Chapter 4 analyses the humanistic value behind the two authors’ writing about death,and explores the spiritual care beyond death,and uses death to focus on life.Yu Hua and Murakami reflect their different concepts of life and death through their respective writings on death.Yu Hua demonstrates the relationship between human beings and society and history through writing about death,while Murakami’s writing on death focuses more on the true sense of individual life,but both focus on the predicaments of human existence through death,expose the absurd nature of the world,and show the contemplation on the significance of individual existence.更多还原