【作者】 王丽芳；

【导师】 刘建伟；

【作者基本信息】 山西师范大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 高中物理课程的学习是将科学事实解释概念化的过程。获得统整物理学科内部的核心概念,能为学生的终身发展打下基础。学习进阶实质上是对核心概念理解逐渐深入、趋于复杂的思维过程,是科学事实解释概念化过程的具体表现。学习进阶理论是以学科的基础知识为核心,以不断深入的学习内容为主线,让学生在不断探索的过程中,更好地掌握知识,并且能够更好地拓展自己的思维视野。核心概念是学科的基础,是各学科的基础框架,它们能够提供全面的概括,并且可以帮助我们理解和掌握这些学科的最终目标。并且核心概念通过长期的实践已经证明,它们的重要性是不容忽视的,对学科的发展起到了不可替代的作用。因此,围绕核心概念构建学习进阶能够帮助学生形成良好的知识结构以及深度理解科学概念。本研究利用文献分析法、比较研究法和问卷调查法,以学习进阶理论为基础,开展磁场核心概念教学实践,期望对高中物理磁场概念的教学有所帮助。本研究从以下几个方面进行了研究:第一,通过分析美国课程标准、我国的2017版普通高中物理课程标准和人教版物梳理教材(必修三、选择性必修二),以及分析近五年高考试卷的相关概念进行整合,梳理出了磁场部分的核心概念,并对其相关核心概念绘出概念图。第二,根据问卷调查法与近五年高考试卷分析,得出高频核心概念词汇为安培力和洛伦兹力这两个。后根据SOLO分类理论得出这两个核心概念的进阶水平层级。第三,进行实践教学,根据学生的认知发展进程作出“磁场对通电导线的作用力”的进阶教学思路,并将其在实践课堂上应用,设置进阶班作为实验班,在课后进行追踪性测试,后又进行长期的进阶教学进阶干预,文中给出在复习课上的有关向“安培力”高阶发展的教学思路,进行期末测试,并用这两次成绩作为结果的检验。通过研究发现:实验班教学后测成绩的平均正确率普遍比对照班高,又通过对学生进行调查问卷分析,发现学习进阶教学对学生的学习效率起到一定的效果。且通过课堂教学,绝大部分学生对于本节课的内容能够掌握到学习进阶水平四的层级,证明基于学习进阶的核心概念的教学对于学生掌握学科核心概念知识有一定的优越性,能提高学生对于知识的理解和框架的建构,有利于从根本上提高学生的学习成绩,并从结果分析中获得教学实践经验,为一线教师开展教学活动提供案例参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study of high school physics courses is the process of conceptualizing the interpretation of scientific facts.Acquiring the core concepts of integrated physics can lay a foundation for students’ lifelong development.In essence,learning progression is a thinking process in which the understanding of core concepts becomes deeper and more complex,and it is a concrete manifestation of the conceptualization process of scientific fact interpretation.The theory of learning progression is based on the basic knowledge of the subject as the core,and the continuous in-depth learning content as the main line,so that students can better grasp the knowledge in the process of continuous exploration,and can better expand their thinking horizon.The core concepts are the foundations of the discipline,the framework that underlies each discipline.They provide a comprehensive overview and help us to understand and grasp the ultimate goals of these disciplines.Moreover,the core concepts have been proved through long-term practice that their importance cannot be ignored and play an irreplaceable role in the development of the subject.Therefore,building learning progression around core concepts can help students form a good knowledge structure and a deep understanding of scientific concepts.Based on the theory of learning progression,this study uses literature analysis,comparative research and questionnaire survey to carry out the teaching practice of core magnetic field concepts,expecting to be helpful to the teaching of magnetic field concepts in high school physics.This research is conducted from the following aspects:First,through the analysis of the American curriculum standards,the 2017 edition of the general high school physics curriculum standards and the human education edition of the material carding textbook(compulsory 3 and Optional 2),as well as the analysis of the recent five years of college entrance examination papers,the core concept of the magnetic field is sorted out and the concept map is drawn for its related core concepts.Secondly,based on the questionnaire survey method and the analysis of the recent five years’ college entrance examination papers,it is concluded that the high-frequency core concept words are ampere-force and Lorentz force.Finally,the further level of these two core concepts is obtained according to the SOLO classification theory.Thirdly,practical teaching is carried out.According to the cognitive development process of students,the advanced teaching idea of "the force of magnetic field on the current conductor" is made and applied in the practical class.The advanced class is set as the experimental class,and the follow-up test is carried out after class.In this paper,the teaching ideas about the development to the higher level of "ampere force" in the review class are given,and the final test is carried out,and the two scores are used as the test of the results.Through the research,it is found that the average accuracy of post-test results of experimental class is generally higher than that of control class,and through the questionnaire analysis of students,it is found that learning advanced teaching plays a certain effect on students’ learning efficiency.Moreover,through classroom teaching,most students can master the content of this lesson to the level of learning progression level 4,which proves that the teaching based on the core concept of learning progression has certain advantages for students to master the core concept knowledge of the subject,can improve students’ understanding of knowledge and the construction of the framework,and is conducive to the fundamental improvement of students’ academic performance.And from the results of the analysis of teaching practice experience,for the front-line teachers to carry out teaching activities to provide a case reference.更多还原