【作者】 张帆；

【导师】 王杰； 郭志强；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国家现代化工业高速发展,物流管理已经成为企业生产运作的动脉系统;《十四五现代物流发展规划》也指明了我国物流业发展的方向与趋势。堆垛机作为工业自动化仓储物流系统的核心部分,承担着最重要的货物运输工作。而我国堆垛机设计工程发展晚,技术不成熟,目前使用的机型分为桥式堆垛机和巷道堆垛机,巷道堆垛机主要有单立柱堆垛机、标准双立柱堆垛机和四立柱堆垛机三种;其中国产标准双立柱堆垛机作为主要机型,大多存在结构笨重,启停摆动大,高度系列单一等问题。而立柱作为标准双立柱堆垛机的主要结构,其质量占比最大,是影响整机摆动的关键结构。因此,在满足立柱挠度标准前提下,对标准双立柱堆垛机立柱进行轻量化设计是整机设计过程中必不可少的一步,同时对其高度系列化分析也为双立柱堆垛机设计提供重要理论参考。文章首先从课题的研究背景、研究意义以及标准双立柱堆垛机的国内外研究现状进行介绍。然后以标准双立柱堆垛机DSZ1J1-1为研究对象,对其进行立柱挠度计算及整机静动态有限元仿真分析。再以立柱为研究对象,基于响应面法和拓扑优化对立柱进行系列化及轻量化设计并进行有限元仿真分析,分析结果显示所设计立柱均满足设计标准及使用要求。目前,所设计的标准双立柱堆垛机DSZ1J1-18已应用于仓储作业中。本文研究内容如下:(1)使用SOLIDWORKS软件对标准双立柱堆垛机DSZ1J1-1进行三维模型简化并对立柱进行参数化建模。在ANSYS Workbench中对简化后的模型进行模型再优化、定义材料属性、接触面设置、网格划分、约束边界条件等,完成有限元仿真模型的建立。(2)计算标准双立柱堆垛机DSZ1J1-1在额定工况下立柱受力及其挠度,验证有限元仿真的准确性。对在不同载重下的标准双立柱堆垛机DSZ1J1-1进行静态特性有限元仿真分析,得到整机位移变形云图和应力分布云图,并对分析结果展开分析描述。对整机进行模态分析,得到其前六阶固有频率和各阶振型云图,并对分析结果展开分析描述。(3)以标准双立柱堆垛机DSZ1J1-1的分析结果为基础,基于响应面法对立柱截面尺寸进行优化,根据优化结果与使用要求选取适当截面尺寸,然后对不同截面尺寸下的立柱进行高度系列化。最后基于拓扑优化对高度系列化后的立柱进行轻量化设计并仿真计算其挠曲变形。论文最后对优化后的标准双立柱堆垛机DSZ1J1-18进行了试验验证,结果证实了本文仿真过程的准确性。研究表明:初始研究对象DSZ1J1-1在满足起重机设计标准前提下,通过改变立柱截面尺寸并进行轻量化设计后,单根立柱减重达16.94%。同时通过系列化设计,衍生出5个截面系列,并且每个截面系列均有多个对应高度,满足不同仓储需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of modern industry in the country,logistics management has become an arterial system for the production and operation of enterprises;the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Modern Logistics also indicates the direction and trend of the development of the logistics industry in China.As the core part of the industrial automated warehousing and logistics system,the stacker crane undertakes the most important work of transporting goods.The design and engineering of stacker cranes in China is late and the technology is immature.The models currently in use are divided into bridge stacker cranes and lane stacker cranes,and the lane stacker cranes are mainly single column stacker cranes,standard double column stacker cranes and four column stacker cranes;among them,the domestic standard double column stacker cranes are the main models,and most of them have problems such as bulky structure,large start-stop swing and single height series.As the main structure of the standard double column stacker,the column accounts for the largest mass and is the key structure affecting the swing of the machine.Therefore,the lightweight design of the column of the standard double column stacker is an essential step in the design process of the machine,while the analysis of its height series also provides an important theoretical reference for the design of the double column stacker.The article begins with an introduction to the background of the subject,the significance of the research and the current state of research on standard doublecolumn stacker cranes at home and abroad.Then the standard double-column stacker DSZ1J1-1 is taken as the research object,and the column deflection calculation and the static and dynamic finite element simulation analysis of the whole machine are carried out.The results of the analysis show that the designed columns meet the design criteria and the requirements of use.The design of the standard double column stacker DSZ1J1-18 has been applied in storage operations.The research in this paper is as follows:(1)The SOLIDWORKS software is used to simplify the three-dimensional model of the standard double column stacker DSZ1J1-1 and carry on the parametric modeling of the column.In ANSYS Workbench,the simplified model was re-optimized,material attributes were defined,contact surface was set up,mesh was divided,boundary conditions were constrained,etc.,and the finite element simulation model was established.(2)Calculate the forces and deflections of the standard double-column stacker DSZ1J1-1 under rated working conditions to verify the accuracy of the finite element simulation.The static characteristics of the standard double-column stacker DSZ1J1-1 under different loadings were analyzed by finite element simulation,and the displacement and deformation clouds and stress distribution clouds of the machine were obtained,and the analysis results were described.The modal analysis of the machine is carried out to obtain the first six orders of inherent frequencies and the clouds of the vibration patterns of each order,and the analysis results are described.(3)Based on the analysis results of standard double column stacker DSZ1J1-1,the column section size was optimized based on response surface method,and the appropriate section size was selected according to the optimization results and application requirements,and then the column height was serialized under different section sizes.Finally,based on topology optimization,the lightweight design of the highly serialized column is carried out and its flexural deformation is simulated.Finally,the optimized standard double column stacker DSZ1J1-18 is verified by experiments,and the results confirm the accuracy of the simulation process in this paper.The study shows that the initial research object DSZ1J1-1 has reduced the weight of a single column by 16.94% by changing the cross-sectional dimensions of the column and carrying out a lightweight design,while meeting the crane design criteria.At the same time,through series design,five series of this type of stacker crane were derived and each series has several corresponding heights to meet different storage needs.更多还原