内河船舶涉海运输监管研究

【作者】 陈晨；

【导师】 丁海椒；

【作者基本信息】 上海财经大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,中国经济高速发展,陆上建材需求日益旺盛,再加上出于对生态环境的保护,贯彻落实习近平生态文明思想,推动长江“共抓大保护、不搞大开发”,多个省市相继出台砂石开采限制政策,砂石开始紧俏,价格也随之水涨船高。与此同时航运市场持续低迷,迫于生计压力,大量内河船舶在需求和利益的双重驱动下铤而走险,开始从事涉海运输。由于关闭AIS,操作不当等原因引发了不少碰撞事故,严重者甚至船毁人亡,造成巨大安全隐患,严重威胁着人民的生命财产安全。内河船舶涉海运输已经成为影响水上交通安全的重要因素之一。海事系统作为参与共建“一带一路“,服务交通强国、海洋强国建设的一只重要力量,作为综合运输体系的主要组成部门,作为国家主要的水上行政执法力量,必须肩负起保障水上交通安全秩序的责任,确保进出港口的船舶畅通航行,确保水上交通事故持续减少。近年来,随着船舶签证的取消,行政事权的下放,海事的事中事后监管亟待加强。本文以内河船舶涉海运输为研究对象,深入分析当前海事在简政放权背景下监管中存在的问题,通过借鉴国内外其他海事管理机构执法经验的基础上,结合实际提出完善海事监管的对策和建议,有效的提高监管效率。当前内河船舶涉海运输监管形势严峻,如何解决内河船舶涉海运输的风险,有效消除水上交通安全隐患,保障辖区水上交通安全形势稳定是当前海事监管工作的重中之重。海事部门作为水上交通安全的主要监管部门,必须高度重视内河船舶涉海运输问题的严重性,补齐短板,提高监管的实效性。本文采用文献研究、对比分析以及案例分析等方法,深入研究上海辖区内河船舶涉海运输监管治理问题。通过对比分析国内其他地区的做法,从中获得启发和借鉴,探讨上海海事在内河船舶涉海运输监管的发展方向,找出症结所在,归纳总结各地优秀做法的基础上因地制宜提出可供参考的意见。最后,文章针对上海辖区内河船舶涉海运输监管问题提出了对策建议。以政府为主导,探索协同合作机制,建立联合执法体系,明确部门监管职责,建立长效合作机制,完善法治建设机制,发挥法治引领作用,营造学法守法氛围,从而有效破除内河船舶涉海运输监管难题。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy,the demand for building materials is growing.Coupled with the protection of the ecological environment,the implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on ecological civilization,and the promotion of "to set up conservation of the Yangtze River and stop its over development",many provinces have successively issued restrictions on sand and gravel mining.The price of sand and gravel started to rise.The shipping market continues to be sluggish,and due to the pressure of livelihood,a large number of inland ships took risks and began to engage in maritime transportation.Due to the closure of AIS,improper operation and other reasons,many collision incidents were caused.In severe cases,the ship was destroyed and people were killed,forming a huge safety hazard and seriously threatening the safety of people’s lives and property.The maritime transportation of inland ships has become one of the important factors affecting the safety of water transportation.As an important force participating in the joint pursuit of the Belt and Road Initiative and serving the construction of a country with strong transportation network and an ocean power,the maritime system,as the main component of the integrated transport system,as the country’s main water administrative law enforcement force,must shoulder the responsibility of ensuring the safety and order of water traffic.to ensure the smooth sailing of vessels entering and leaving port,and to ensure that water traffic accidents continue to be reduced.In recent years,with the cancellation of endorsement on via of ships entering or leaving port and the decentralization of administrative powers,the supervision of maritime affairs needs to be strengthened urgently.This paper takes the maritime transportation of inland ships as the research object,and deeply analyzes the problems existing in the current maritime supervision under the background of streamlining administration and delegating powers.Based on the law enforcement experience of domestic and international maritime management agencies,it proposes countermeasures and measures to improve maritime supervision based on the actual situation.It is suggested to effectively improve the efficiency of maritime supervision.At present,the supervision situation of maritime transportation of inland ships is severe.How to solve the risks of maritime transportation of inland ships,effectively eliminate hidden dangers of water traffic safety,and ensure the stability of water traffic safety situation in the jurisdiction is the top priority of current maritime supervision work.As the main supervisory department of water traffic safety,the maritime department must attach great importance to the seriousness of the maritime transportation problems of inland ships,make up for the shortcomings,and improve the effectiveness of supervision.This paper adopts the methods of literature research,comparative analysis and case analysis to deeply study the maritime transportation problems in Shanghai.By comparing and analyzing the practices of other regions in China,we can gain inspiration and reference from them,discuss the development direction of Shanghai Maritime in the supervision of inland ships and maritime transportation,find out the crux of the problem,summarize the excellent practices of various regions,and put forward suggestions for reference based on local conditions.Finally,the article puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the problems of the maritime transportation of inland ships in Shanghai.Taking the government as the leading role,explore a collaborative and cooperative mechanism,establish a joint law enforcement system,clarify the supervision responsibilities of various departments,establish a long-term cooperation mechanism,improve the rule of law construction mechanism,give play to the leading role of the rule of law,and create an atmosphere of learning and abiding by the law,and effectively solve the problem of maritime transportation of inland ships.更多还原