【作者】 张娜；

【导师】 李渊；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 建筑学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 建筑是文化的产物,跨文化建筑是外来建筑文化在本土进行跨区域传播的产物,研究跨文化建筑对于认识不同文化的碰撞与融合具有深刻意义。目前,跨文化建筑领域的研究,在研究对象上多围绕其建筑风格展开定性描述,而对于跨文化建筑的平面特征及价值的关注相对较少;在研究内容上多以案例比较揭示跨文化建筑现象,而在深层次的影响过程、作用机制方面的探讨存在不足。跨文化建筑的平面作为其重要组成部分,研究其在外来文化和本土文化交互作用下而形成的平面特征,以及因多元文化影响而衍生出的平面文化价值,能够越过建筑现象去理解不同建筑文化的碰撞、融合及交互作用机制。中国近代建筑处于一个承上启下、中西融合、新旧交替的过渡时段,这个时期外来建筑文化在本土进行跨区域传播并产生大量的跨文化建筑,作为历史国际社区的鼓浪屿,其大量的近代洋楼建筑便是该时期跨文化建筑现象的一个缩影,这一点在鼓浪屿近代洋楼平面上也有着深刻的体现。研究鼓浪屿洋楼平面对于深刻认识遗产社区的跨文化背景、丰富其价值阐释,为保护、更新、设计提供策略与思路具有重要的意义。本文以鼓浪屿近代洋楼平面为例,展开平面特征与价值研究,主要研究内容如下:1.探讨了跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面的产生与发展:基于“类型学”视角,将鼓浪屿洋楼平面视为“跨文化平面变体V”,而“本土平面原型N”、“外来平面原型F”作为影响它的外部文化因素。2.围绕跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼的平面特征展开研究:(1)构建跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼的平面特征的表征思路,包含形态特征与组构特征两个维度,构建平面特征的量化指标体系;(2)基于均值分析定性解读三大类型“跨文化平面变体V”、“本土平面原型N”、“外来平面原型F”的平面特征的相似性与差异性问题。3.围绕跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼的平面价值展开研究:(1)基于平面特征研究,分析跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面中的中西文化博弈;(2)结合平面特征的量化指标体系,构建跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面价值的量化指标体系;(3)使用系统聚类分析方法,对跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面进行无监督分类,依据“N-V”、“V-F”相似度的计算数值,探讨平面价值中的中西文化构成;(4)通过回归分析,探讨影响跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面价值中的中西文化构成的影响因子,揭示其文化内涵和作用机制;(5)使用SD法,基于平面价值的量化指标体系设计主观评价因子,获得跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面的价值感知情况,通过回归分析,对基于聚类分析获得的中西文化构成及影响因子进行对比和验证。(6)以鼓浪屿八卦楼为例,展开基于平面价值传承的展陈空间设计策略探讨。本文得出相关研究结论如下:1.跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼中的平面变体与本土平面原型和外来平面原型分别存在不同程度上的相似性和差异性,也因这中西文化的博弈而衍生出特殊的文化价值。2.跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面变体包含了“保留”、“折中”和“变异”三种内在生成机制。3.根据价值构成中的西方价值权重的大小,将跨文化影响下鼓浪屿洋楼平面变体分为三类:①受本土平面原型影响较大,②受外来平面原型中集中化布局平面(一般含外廊)影响较大,③受外来平面原型中“一廊多房”影响较大等三大类,其平面价值构成中对应的西方价值占比分别为:①小于50%,②介于“50%”和52.5%之间,③大于52.5%。其中,①②占据主导地位。4.通过平面价值构成的影响因子分析,得出外来平面原型主要通过深入影响鼓浪屿洋楼平面组构特征中的拓扑结构(对应属性:空间的流动性强和私密性弱),植入随性的、开放的社交意识及平等的共享意识等西方文化的价值内涵。而本土平面原型主要通过深入影响鼓浪屿洋楼平面形态特征中的空间布局、居中位置、交通流线(对应属性:空间的围合性、领域性和连续性强)以及组构特征中的拓扑深度(对应属性:空间的便捷性弱),来融入包容且高安全感需求、注重礼仪空间和权力空间、强调迂回无序的曲线思维、注重将个人感受投射于建筑的意境营造中的浪漫主义强于注重功能的实用理性主义等传统价值内涵。5.SD评价结果与量化分析获得的结果具有较强的正向相关,进而论证了研究的合理性。6.以鼓浪屿八卦楼为例,基于平面价值传承的八卦楼展陈空间设计可以促进价值与功能的统筹而达到活化利用的目的,论证了本研究的实践意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Architecture is the product of culture,and cross-cultural architecture is the product of cross-regional communication of foreign architectural culture in China.The study of cross-cultural architecture is of profound significance for understanding the collision and integration of different cultures.At present,researches in the field of cross-cultural architecture mostly focus on the qualitative description of its architectural style,while relatively little attention is paid to the plane characteristics and value of cross-cultural architecture.In terms of research content,cases are often used to compare and reveal the phenomenon of cross-cultural architecture,but there are insufficient discussions on the deep influencing process and mechanism.As an important part of cross-cultural architecture,the study of its plane characteristics formed under the interaction of foreign culture and local culture,as well as the plane cultural value derived from the influence of diverse cultures,can go beyond the architectural phenomenon to understand the collision,integration and interaction mechanism of different architectural cultures.Chinese modern architecture in a structure connecting ecosystem and individuals,the fusion of Chinese and western,old and new alternate transition period,the period of foreign architectural culture in local spread across regions and generate a large number of cross-cultural architecture,as the history of the international community of gulangyu,the modern building of much of its architecture is an epitome of the phenomenon of cross-cultural architecture the,This point is also profoundly reflected in gulangyu modern building plane.It is of great significance to study the plan of gulangyu mansions for a deep understanding of the cross-cultural background of the heritage community,to enrich its value interpretation,and to provide strategies and ideas for protection,renewal and design.In this paper,the modern building plane of Gulangyu is taken as an example to study the plane characteristics and value.The main research contents are as follows:1.This paper discusses the emergence and development of gulangyu foreign building plan under the influence of cross-cultural:based on the perspective of "typology",the gulangyu foreign building plan is regarded as "cross-cultural plane variant V",and"local plane prototype N" and "foreign plane prototype F" are regarded as the external cultural factors that affect it.2.Research on the plane characteristics of gulangyu foreign buildings under the cross-cultural influence:(1)to construct the characterization idea of the plane characteristics of gulangyu foreign buildings under the cross-cultural influence,including two dimensions of morphological characteristics and fabric characteristics,to build a quantitative index system of plane characteristics;(2)Based on mean analysis,it qualitatively interprets the similarity and difference of the plane features of the three types:intercultural plane variant V,indigenous plane prototype N and exotic plane prototype F.3.Research on the plane value ofGulangyu foreign buildings under cross-cultural influence:(1)based on the study of plane characteristics,analyze the game between Chinese and western cultures in the plane of gulangyu foreign buildings under cross-cultural influence;(2)Combined with the quantitative index system of the plane characteristics,the quantitative index system of the plane value of Gulangyu houses under the influence of cross-cultural was constructed;(3)Using the method of systematic cluster analysis,the plane of gulangyu building under the influence of cross-cultural was classified unsupervised,and based on the calculated values of "N-V" and "V-F"similarity,the composition of Chinese and Western cultures in the plane value was discussed;(4)Through regression analysis,the influencing factors of Chinese and Western culture composition in the plane value of Gulangyu building under the influence of cross-cultural are discussed,and its cultural connotation and mechanism are revealed;(5)SD method was used to design subjective evaluation factors based on the quantitative index system of plane value to obtain the value perception of Gulangyu foreign buildings under cross-cultural influence.Through regression analysis,Chinese and Western cultural composition and influence factors obtained based on cluster analysis were compared and verified.(6)Taking The Bagua Building of Gulangyu Island as an example,explore the design strategy of exhibition space based on the inheritance of plane value.This paper draws relevant research conclusions as follows:1.Under the cross-cultural influence,the plane variant in Gulangyu foreign building has different similarities and differences with the local plane prototype and the foreign plane prototype respectively,which also derives special cultural values due to the game between Chinese and Western cultures.2.Under the cross-cultural influence,the plane variant of Gulangyu building contains three internal generating mechanisms:"reservation","compromise"and "variation".3.According to the weight of western value in value composition,the plane variants of Gulangyu foreign building under cross-cultural influence are divided into three categories:(1)are greatly influenced by local plane prototypes,(2)by external plane prototype centralized layout plane,(3)by external plane prototype greatly influenced by more than a gallery "room" in the three major categories,such as the plane value corresponding to the constituents of the western value proportion respectively:(1)is less than 50%,(2)between 50%and 52.5%,(3)greater than 52.5%.Among them,① and ② play a dominant role.4.Through factor analysis,the influence of the planar value formation that foreign plane prototype of gulangyu island building plane fabric features mainly through in-depth influence topology(corresponding properties:space of liquid and privacy weak),along with the gender of the implanted and open social consciousness and equal sharing of consciousness,etc.The value of the western culture connotation.The local plane prototype mainly influences the spatial layout,center position and traffic flow in the plane morphological features of Gulangyu mansion(corresponding attributes:space enclosure,domain and continuity are strong)and topological depth in fabric features(corresponding attributes:In order to integrate the traditional value connotation such as inclusiveness and high sense of security,emphasis on etiquette space and power space,emphasis on meandering and disorderly curve thinking,emphasis on the projection of personal feelings into the artistic conception of architecture romanticism is stronger than practical rationalism.5.There is a strong positive correlation between the SD evaluation results and the quantitative analysis results,which further demonstrates the rationality of the study.6.Taking The Bagua Building on Gulangsu Island as an example,the design of the exhibition space of the Bagua building based on the inheritance of plane value can promote the overall planning of value and function to achieve the purpose of activation and utilization,demonstrating the practical significance of this study.更多还原