【作者】 王丽；

【导师】 吴国富；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 马克思主义理论， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 印度共产党的建立,与印度民族解放运动、印度无产阶级斗争发展和马克思主义在印度的传播紧密相关。早期的发展,受到国际共产主义变化的影响,甚至依靠它来解决自己的内部纠纷。1947年印度独立后,印度共产党党内一直就存在的分歧开始尖锐化,围绕“路线”和“道路”等问题,党内分歧严重,游走在分裂的边缘。两次分裂后的印共,在发展过程中,党组织力量受到一定的损耗,但仍然坚持参与全国和地方选举,积极领导和参加群众斗争,逐渐成为印度国内一支稳定的共产主义力量和主要的左翼政治力量。21世纪以来,印共已经走过了20多年的发展历程。目前,印共在继续独立自主探索向前发展,在理论上不断进行着新的探索,在实践中适时进行新的调整。然而,事实是印共在议会选举中席位数持续减少,党的影响力也持续减弱。印共的发展状况不能不引起人们的关注和思考。印共发展至今,始终坚持以马列主义作为党的指导思想,积极领导印度人民反对资产阶级政党的反人民和反民主的政策,在该国的政策和政治方面发挥出了重要的作用。在通向社会主义的道路上,印共将如何改变议会选举道路上的斗争战略策略,寻求新的发展,真正实现党的斗争目标和奋斗纲领,是一个基本理论问题,同时也是一个实践问题。要解决这一基本问题,需要以马克思列宁主义为指导,对印共的历史、理论和实践进行全面而系统的研究。全文由绪论、21世纪印共发展的基础、21世纪以来印共的基本理论和政策主张、21世纪以来印共的发展现状、21世纪以来印共面临的困境及其成因、印共的脱困出路及发展前景六部分组成。绪论主要阐述选题的背景、研究的现状、研究的价值、研究的思路及方法、研究的重难点、创新点及不足之处等问题。第一章追根溯源印共的产生和梳理印共的发展历史,以及1999年大选印共面临的政治形势,考察21世纪印共发展的基础。总体上,印共的发展历程充满曲折,是在不断战胜各种困难的情况下逐渐发展。第二章系统整理印共的基本理论和政策主张。印共的社会主义理论是在长期的实践斗争中通过不断总结经验教训而逐步确立的,主要包括印共的指导思想和革命理论,对印度经济、政治和社会状况的分析,印共的内政外交主张阐述等。第三章全面考察印共的发展现状。从印共的组织发展状况、国内选举活动、国际交往活动、与国内主要政党的关系以及党领导和参与的左翼力量几个方面进行分析,总结印共进行的社会主义实践活动,展现出印共在21世纪的具体发展状况。第四章深入分析印共面临的困境及其成因。印共21世纪以来的发展情况表明印共已深陷困境,表现在票仓萎缩困境、客观形势困境、战略策略困境和组织建设困境四个方面。在对每一个困境进行详细考察后,具体分析困境的成因,困境对印共的发展将带来什么样的影响。第五章条分缕析印共的脱困出路,合理预判印共未来发展存在的机遇与面临的挑战。在总结分析印共面临的困境与成因的基础上,提出相应的脱困出路。最后,依据前面研究内容,对印共发展前景进行预测。更多还原

【Abstract】 The establishment of the Communist Party of India is closely related to the Indian National Liberation Movement,the development of Indian proletarian class struggle and the spread of Marxism in India.The early development was influenced by the changes of international communism,and even relied on it to solve their own internal disputes.After India’s independence in 1947,the differences that had always existed within the Communist Party of India began to sharpen.Around the "line" and "road" and other issues,the differences within the party were serious and wandered on the verge of division.In the course of the development of the Communist Party of India after the two splits,the strength of the party organization has suffered certain losses,but it still insists on participating in the national and local elections,actively leads and participates in the mass struggle,and gradually becomes a stable communist force and the main left-wing political force in India.Since the 21 st century,the Indian Communist Party has gone through more than 20 years of development.At present,the Indian Communist Party is continuing to explore independently and move forward,continue to carry out new exploration in theory,and make new adjustments in practice at the right time.However,the fact is that the number of seats held by the Communist Party of India in the parliamentary elections continues to decline,and the influence of the Party continues to weaken.The development of the Indian Communist Party can’ t help but attract people’s attention and thinking.Since the development of the Indian Communist Party,it has always adhered to Marxism-Leninism as the guiding ideology of the Party,actively led the Indian people against the anti-people and anti-democracy policies of bourgeois political parties,and played an important role in the policy and politics of the country.On the road to socialism,how the Indian Communist Party will change the strategic strategy of struggle on the road of parliamentary election,seek new development,and truly realize the struggle goal and program of the Party is not only a basic theoretical problem,but also a practical problem.In order to solve this basic problem,it is necessary to make a comprehensive and systematic study of the history,theory and practice of the Indian Communist Party under the guidance of Marxism-Leninism.The full text is composed of six parts: introduction,the basis of the development of the Indian Communist Party in the 21 st century,the basic theory and policy proposition of the Communist Party of India since the 21 st century,the present situation of the development of the Communist Party of India since the 21 st century,the predicament and causes faced by the Communist Party of India since the 21 st century,the way out of the difficulties and the development prospect of the Communist Party of India.The introduction mainly expounds the background of the selected topic,the present situation of the research,the value of the research,the train of thought and method of the research,the heavy and difficult points of the research,the innovation points and the shortcomings,and so on.The first chapter traces the origin of the Communist Party of India and combs the development history of the Communist Party of India,as well as the political situation faced by the Communist Party of India in the 1999 general election,and examines the basis of the development of the Communist Party of India in the 21 st century.On the whole,the development process of the Indian Communist Party is full of twists and turns,which is gradually developed under the condition of constantly overcoming all kinds of difficulties.The second chapter systematically collates the basic theories and policy ideas of the Indian Communist Party.The socialist theory of the Indian Communist Party was gradually established through constantly summing up experience and lessons in the long practical struggle,including the guiding ideology and revolutionary theory of the Indian Communist Party,the analysis of India’s economic,political and social conditions,and the exposition of the Indian Communist Party’s domestic and diplomatic propositions.The third chapter comprehensively examines the current situation of the development of the Indian Communist Party.This paper analyzes the organizational development of the Communist Party of India,domestic electoral activities,international communication activities,the relationship with the main political parties in China and the left-wing forces led and participated by the Party,summarizes the socialist practical activities carried out by the Communist Party of India,and shows the specific development of the Communist Party of India in the21 st century.The fourth chapter deeply analyzes the difficulties faced by the Indian Communist Party and its causes.The development of the Indian Communist Party since the 21 st century shows that the Indian Communist Party has been in deep trouble,which is manifested in four aspects: the shrinking of the ticket position,the predicament of the objective situation,the dilemma of strategic strategy and the predicament of organizational construction.After a detailed investigation of each dilemma,this paper analyzes the causes of the predicament and what kind of impact it will bring to the development of the Indian Communist Party.The fifth chapter analyzes the way out of the difficulties of the Communist Party of India,and reasonably predict the opportunities and challenges of the future development of the Communist Party of India.On the basis of summing up and analyzing the difficulties and causes faced by the Indian Communist Party,this paper puts forward the corresponding way out of the difficulties.Finally,according to the previous research content,the development prospect of India Communist Party is forecasted.更多还原