【作者】 黄敏；

【导师】 张欣莉；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 工程管理， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 我国建筑业是国民经济增长的主要助推力之一,同时也是高能耗、高污染的行业。随着我国环境逐渐恶化、资源短缺问题愈发凸显,推进可持续发展战略、建设两型社会成为我国的重大发展目标。在此背景下,推进绿色建筑落地实施为建筑业提供了可行的发展方向,而目前绿色建筑在实际推广应用中还存在一些问题。绿色建筑项目设计阶段的方案决策会直接影响建筑在实际运营阶段的整体性能,然而目前设计方案评价还比较缺乏指导依据,现行的绿色建筑评价体系主要是针对竣工运营阶段的绿色建筑项目进行评价认证,对设计阶段的方案评价指导性不足,相关的文献研究也比较少。因此,开展针对绿色建筑设计方案的评价研究对于提高建筑实际性能、促进绿色建筑发展具有重要意义。本文以绿色建筑设计方案的选择为研究主题,结合混合多属性决策理论,旨在构建一套科学系统的绿色建筑设计方案混合多属性评价模型,帮助建筑开发企业更好地开展设计方案选择决策。研究内容主要包括绿色建筑设计方案评价文献研究、多属性指标体系构建、混合多属性评价方法以及应用研究,具体内容如下:第一,绿色建筑设计方案评价文献研究。本文对绿色建筑设计方案评价的相关文献进行分析和梳理,了解目前的研究现状和存在的局限性。剖析了绿色建筑设计方案选择决策问题的实质,将其转换为混合多属性决策问题,明确了本文的研究思路,对相关理论进行总结概述,为绿色建筑设计方案的混合多属性评价模型构建奠定基础。第二,多属性指标体系构建。基于文献研究,明确多属性指标体系构建的基本原则和思路。以绿色建筑设计方案为分析对象开展系统研究,将评价内容划分为资源、环境、经济、社会、设计属性五个维度,根据文献初步选取绿色建筑设计方案属性指标,结合现行绿色建筑评价标准对指标进行筛选,最终构建了一套较为完善的多属性指标体系,并对指标的内涵和评价内容进行了详细阐述。第三,混合多属性评价方法研究。针对评价过程中主观性较强的问题,本文组合利用BWM方法和熵权法进行组合赋权来确定指标综合权重,其中BWM方法和熵权法分别用于计算指标主客观权重。针对属性指标数据类型不统一的问题,利用TOPSIS方法进行绿色建筑设计方案的综合评价,避免不同类型评价信息相互转化造成的信息丢失,最大限度地保留评价信息的完备性,使评价结果具有更高的可靠性和准确性。第四,混合多属性评价方法应用研究。以某绿色建筑项目为例进行算例分析,利用本文构建的多属性指标体系和混合多属性评价方法,对备选设计方案进行评价,同时利用灰色关联分析法进行结果的对比分析,验证了该方法的可靠性。本文对绿色建筑设计方案的混合多属性评价方法开展了系统的研究,丰富了绿色建筑设计方案评价的理论研究,有利于提高设计方案选择决策的质量,也为建筑开发企业开展设计方案的评价优选工作提供了新的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s construction industry is the main thrust of national economic growth,and it is also a high energy consumption and high pollution industry.With the deterioration of our environment and the shortage of resources,it is a major development goal to promote the sustainable development strategy and build a two-type society.In this context,the implementation of green building(GB)implementation provides a feasible development direction for the construction industry,but there are still some problems in the practical application of GB.The scheme decision in the design stage of GB will directly affect the overall performance of the building in the actual operation stage.However,there is still a lack of guidance basis for design scheme evaluation at present.The current GB evaluation system mainly aims at the evaluation and certification of the GB project in the completion operation stage,and there is insufficient guidance for scheme evaluation in the design phase,and the relevant literature research is also relatively few.Therefore,it is improtant to carry out the evaluation research on the green building design scheme(GBDS)to improve the actual performance of the building and promote the development of GB.This paper takes the GBDS selection as the research topic,combined with the hybrid multi-attribute decision-making(HMADM)theory,aims to build a set of scientific and systematic GBDS hybrid multi-attribute evaluation model,to help building development enterprises better carry out design scheme selection decision-making.The research content mainly includes literature research on GBDS evaluation,construction of multi-attribute index system(MAIS),hybrid multi-attribute evaluation(HMAE)method and application research.The specific content is as follows:First,literature research on GBDS evaluation.This paper analyzes and combs the relevant literature of GBDS evaluation to understand the current research status and limitations.This paper analyzes the essence of GBDS selection decision-making problem,transforms it into HMADM problem,clarifies the research ideas of this paper,summarizes the relevant theories,and lays a foundation for the construction of HMAE model of GBDS.Second,the construction of MAIS.Based on literature research,the basic principles and ideas of MAIS construction are clarified.Taking the GBDS as the analysis object to carry out systematic research,and the evaluation content is divided into five dimensions: resource,environment,economy,society and design attribute.According to the literature,the attribute index of GBDS is preliminarily selected.Combined with the current green building evaluation standard,the index is screened.Finally,a set of more consummate MAIS is constructed,and the connotation and evaluation content of the index are elaborated in detail.Third,research on HMAE method.In view of the strong subjectivity in the process of evaluation,this paper combines BWM method and entropy weight method to determine the comprehensive weight of indexes,in which BWM method and entropy weight method are respectively used for subjectivity and objectivity weighting of indexes.Aiming at the problem that the data types of attribute indexes are not unified,the comprehensive evaluation of GBDS is carried out by using TOPSIS method,which avoids the information loss caused by the mutual transformation of different types of evaluation information,retains the completeness of evaluation information to the maximum extent,and makes the evaluation results have higher reliability and accuracy.Fourth,the application of HMAE method.Taking a GB project as an example,the paper evaluates the alternative design scheme by using the MAIS and the HMAE method.Meanwhile,the GRA method is used to compare the results,which verifies the feasibility of the method.In this paper,the HMAE method of GBDS is studied systematically,which enriches the theoretical research of GBDS evaluation,improves the quality of design scheme selection decision,and provides a new idea for building development enterprises to carry out design scheme selection.更多还原