【作者】 陈晔；

【导师】 潘润秋；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 作为国土空间重要构成之一的农业空间以农产品供给为主要功能,对人类生产和生活起到了重要的保障作用,保护农业空间对优化国土空间格局至关重要。近年来,由于工业快速发展、科学指导缺乏,致使农业生产过程中产生了较大的生态负外部性,从生态效率的角度评价农业生产过程对保护农业空间十分重要。而耕地资源作为农业空间的重要组成部分,保护农业空间本质上就是保护耕地资源;但我国耕地资源总量稀缺、质量较差,为保护耕地资源、保障国家粮食安全,必须要对其多功能性进行深入地了解与评价。因此,农业空间生态效率评价和耕地资源多功能评价就显得极为重要。文章基于对农业生态效率的既往研究,建立了符合烟台实际的农业空间生态效率测算指标体系,采用基于非期望产出的Super-SBM模型对烟台市2009、2013、2017年农业空间生态效率进行测算,并采用Malmquist指数对其动态变化进行评价。研究发现烟台市乡镇农业空间生态效率整体较低、区域集聚明显;县域农业空间生态效率差异显著、总体势头上涨。考虑到耕地资源是农业空间的重要构成,猜想烟台市农业空间生态效率差是由其耕地资源的生产功能与生态功能不匹配、经济与生态之间发展不协调造成的。基于此,结合过往耕地资源多功能评价研究,选取切合实际的指标体系,对烟台市耕地的生产、生态与社会保障功能分别进行评价,并结合生产功能与生态功能进行了耕地质量综合评价、运用综合指数模型法对其多功能性进行了整体评价。评价结果显示,其耕地资源的生产功能与生态功能确实在空间上存在不平衡与不匹配,且其评价结果印证了对农业空间生态效率测算结果的原因猜想,说明烟台市的经济与生态发展确实有待平衡改进。最后,结合农业空间生态效率测算与耕地资源多功能评价的结果,提出了对应的农业空间保护对策:(1)创新引进农业生态技术,推动发展生态循环农业;(2)合理制定生态管理政策,调整优化农业生产规模;(3)着力提升耕地生态功能,推动生产生态协调发展;(4)结合特色发展分区农业,分区管控优化空间保护;(5)推动农民收入公平发展,提升耕地社会保障功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the important components of the land space,the agricultural space takes the supply of agricultural products as its main function,and plays an important role in safeguarding human production and life.Protecting the agricultural space is crucial to optimizing the land space pattern.In recent years,due to the rapid development of industry and lack of scientific guidance,large negative ecological externalities have been produced in the process of agricultural production.It is very important to evaluate the process of agricultural production from the perspective of ecological efficiency to protect the agricultural space.Cultivated land resources are an important part of agricultural space.Protecting agricultural space is essentially to protect cultivated land resources.However,the total amount of cultivated land resources in China is scarce and of poor quality.In order to protect cultivated land resources and ensure national food security,it is necessary to deeply understand and evaluate its versatility.Therefore,the evaluation of agricultural spatial ecological efficiency and the multi-function evaluation of cultivated land resources are extremely important.Based on the previous research on agricultural ecological efficiency,the article established a measurement index system for agricultural spatial ecological efficiency in accordance with the actual situation in Yantai,and used the Super-SBM model based on undesired output to measure the agricultural spatial ecological efficiency of Yantai in 2009,2013,and 2017.and then use the Malmquist index to evaluate its dynamic changes.The study found that the overall ecological efficiency of rural agriculture in Yantai is low,and regional agglomeration is obvious;there are significant differences in agricultural spatial ecological efficiency at the county level,and the overall momentum is increasing.Considering that cultivated land resources are an important part of agricultural space,it is assumed that the poor ecological efficiency of agricultural space in Yantai is caused by the mismatch between the production and ecological functions of cultivated land resources,and the uncoordinated development between economy and ecology.Based on this,combined with past research on the multi-functional evaluation of cultivated land resources,a realistic index system was selected to evaluate the production,ecological and social security functions of the cultivated land in Yantai,and then a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of cultivated land was carried out based on the production and ecological function,and comprehensively evaluated its versatility using the comprehensive index model method.The evaluation results show that the production function and ecological functions of its cultivated land resources are indeed unbalanced and mismatched in space,and the evaluation results confirm the conjecture of the reasons for the calculation results of the agricultural spatial ecological efficiency,indicating that the economic and ecological development of Yantai is indeed need to be balanced and improved.Finally,combining the results of the calculation of the ecological efficiency of agricultural space and the multi-functional evaluation of cultivated land resources,the corresponding agricultural space protection countermeasures are proposed:(1)Innovatively introduce agro-ecological technology and promote the development of ecological recycling agriculture;(2)Reasonably formulate ecological management policies,adjust and optimize agricultural production scale;(3)Strive to improve the ecological function of cultivated land and promote the coordinated development of production ecology;(4)Develop zoning agriculture in combination with characteristics,and optimize space protection by zoning management and control;(5)Promote the fair development of farmers’ income and enhance the social security function of cultivated land.更多还原