【作者】 代敏；

【导师】 郑可； 曾慧； 李仁江；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 农业经济社会的发展,吸引了各类人才为乡村振兴添砖加瓦,返乡下乡人员创业者大量涌现。在互联网赋能三农的过程中,催生了一个充满朝气和活力的新群体——“新农人”。据统计,新农人的创业活动95%在创业前期都处于亏损状态,只有1%的新农人实现盈利,新农人创业者多以失败告终,持续生存的少之又少。这就使得新农人创业者必须面对这一现实问题:如何提高创业成功率?如何保证创业质量?结合新农人群体的特征与创业相关研究,新农人创业者的社会资本禀赋和知识基础多寡支撑了创业活动,同时也是是创业项目成功与高质量的关键所在。现阶段我国学者对新农人创业展开研究较少,对新农人创业群体的研究还处于概念界定和特征描述阶段,鲜有研究通过知识基础理论视角解释创业质量的异质性,探究新农人社会资本(社会资本构成、社会资本利用)与创业质量的作用机理。本文基于社会资本理论和知识基础理论,利用四川省240个新农人截面数据,通过多元回归分析,实证研究新农人社会资本(社会资本构成、社会资本利用)对创业质量的影响,探讨知识基础(知识宽度、知识深度)对二者间关系的调节作用,探究创业质量为何存在差异。研究发现:第一,新农人社会资本(社会资本构成、社会资本利用)对创业质量存在显著的正向效应,即新农人社会资本构成越丰富、社会资本利用联系人水平越高,创业质量越好,且社会资本利用对创业质量的促进提升作用更为显著。第二,知识宽度和知识深度都对社会资本利用与创业质量之间关系起到了正向调节作用,而知识宽度对社会资本构成与创业质量之间关系起到了负向调节作用。在控制性别、户口类型、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、政治面貌、风险意识因素的基础下,本文通过构建社会资本(社会资本构成、社会资本利用)指标体系、引入知识基础(知识宽度、知识深度),检验二者对新农人创业活动发挥的重要作用。研究结论发现,新农人社会资本(社会资本构成、社会资本利用)显著影响创业质量、知识基础(知识宽度、知识深度)对其关系具有显著调节作用。对于打算创业的新农人而言,可以通过客观评价自身的社会资本禀赋和知识基础多寡,从而做出理性创业决策;同时对于正在创业的新农人而言,本研究可以提供“在拥有既定知识基础的条件下,如何有效构建并利用社会资本以提高创业质量”的思路与逻辑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of agricultural economy and society has attracted various talents to contribute to the revitalization of the countryside,and a large number of entrepreneurs have returned to the countryside.In the process of empowering agriculture,rural areas,and farmers through the Internet,a new group full of vigor and vitality-"New Farmers" has emerged.According to statistics,95% of the entrepreneurial activities of new farmers are in a loss state in the early stage of entrepreneurship,while only 1% of new farmers achieve profits.Most new farmers’ entrepreneurs end up failing,and few survive continuously.This makes it necessary for new farmers and entrepreneurs to face this practical problem: How to improve the success rate of entrepreneurship? How to ensure the quality of entrepreneurship?Based on the characteristics of the new farmer group and research related to entrepreneurship,the social capital endowment and knowledge base of new farmer entrepreneurs support entrepreneurial activities,and are also the key to the success and high quality of entrepreneurial projects.At present,scholars in China have conducted relatively little research on the entrepreneurship of new farmers,and the research on the entrepreneurial group of new farmers is still in the stage of conceptual definition and characteristic description.There are few studies that explain the heterogeneity of entrepreneurial quality through the perspective of knowledge-based theory,and explore the mechanism of the interaction between new farmers’ social capital(composition and utilization of social capital)and entrepreneurial quality.This article is based on social capital theory and knowledge foundation theory,using cross-sectional data from 240 new farmers in Sichuan Province.Through multiple regression analysis,it empirically studies the impact of social capital(social capital composition and utilization)on entrepreneurial quality of new farmers,explores the moderating effect of knowledge foundation(knowledge width and depth)on the relationship between the two,and explores why there are differences in entrepreneurial quality.Research has found that:firstly,there is a significant positive effect of social capital(composition and utilization of social capital)on the quality of entrepreneurship among new farmers,that is,the richer the composition of social capital and the higher the level of social capital utilization contacts,the better the quality of entrepreneurship,and the more significant the promotion and improvement effect of social capital utilization on the quality of entrepreneurship.Secondly,both knowledge breadth and depth have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between social capital utilization and entrepreneurial quality,while knowledge breadth has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between social capital composition and entrepreneurial quality.On the basis of controlling factors such as gender,household registration type,age,education level,marital status,political outlook,and risk awareness,this article constructs an indicator system for social capital(composition and utilization of social capital)and introduces knowledge base(knowledge width and depth)to test the important role played by the two in the entrepreneurial activities of new farmers.The research conclusion found that the social capital(composition and utilization of social capital)of new farmers significantly affects the quality of entrepreneurship,and the knowledge base(knowledge width and depth)has a significant moderating effect on their relationship.For new farmers who plan to start a business,they can make rational entrepreneurial decisions by objectively evaluating their social capital endowment and knowledge base;For new farmers who are starting their own businesses,this study can provide ideas and logic on how to effectively construct and utilize social capital to improve the quality of entrepreneurship under the conditions of having established knowledge foundations.更多还原