【作者】 张蕾；

【导师】 任晓芬；

【作者基本信息】 河北工程大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 我国实体经济的稳步持续发展及人民生活水平的不断提升,促进我国冷链物流行业快速发展。冷藏集装箱作为冷链物流行业不可或缺的一部分,箱内合理的贮藏环境在降低冷藏集装箱运行能耗的同时也可以有效延长新鲜货物的保质期。目前市场上使用较多的机械式冷藏集装箱,虽然可以满足长时运输的要求,但其煤电消耗量大,经济性和环保性均较差。相变蓄冷式冷藏集装箱具有“移峰填谷”充分利用夜间低谷电蓄冷的优势,可以有效提高经济效益。然而,相变蓄冷式冷藏集装箱受空间及蓄冷材料的影响,极大程度限制了其长时运输,特别是在跨国运输中的使用。鉴于此,本文研发了一种主被动双模式长时释冷冷藏集装箱,用于改善现有集装箱的缺点,主要研究成果如下:(1)对相变蓄冷式冷藏集装箱箱内温度及保冷时长进行现场测试。结果表明:箱内温度从-1℃增至5℃时保冷时长为92h,升温到10℃,保冷时长累计达到112h。(2)基于实验集装箱建立主被动双模式冷藏集装箱物理及数学模型,分析箱内环境分布特性,并与相变蓄冷式冷藏集装箱保冷效果进行对比。结果表明:主被动双模式长时释冷冷藏集装箱可有效保证新鲜货物长时运输。(3)研究被动释冷模式下冷板的结构参数对箱体冷却性能的影响。结果表明:最优冷板厚度为12.5cm,最优相变材料导热系数为0.6W/(m·K),最优蓄冷板材质为铝合金。(4)基于最优冷板厚度及最优相变材料导热系数,当箱内温度达到283K,相对于优化前被动释冷模式保冷时长增加12.5h,增加率为11.82%,可有效减小主动释冷模式制冷时长,增加了相变蓄冷式冷藏集装箱在跨国长时输运货物的可能性。(5)将主被动双模式长时释冷冷藏集装箱与已有冷藏集装箱内环境特性进行对比可知,主被动双模式可有效改善箱内环境的不均匀性且保冷效果更优。本文研究的主被动双模式长时释冷冷藏集装箱,可营造良好的气流组织,增加蓄冷板释冷时长,增加了相变蓄冷式冷藏集装箱在跨国长途运输中使用的可能性,研究结果可为跨国冷链运输提供理论指导,也可为实际工程应用提供技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 The steady and sustained development of China’s real economy and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards have promoted the rapid development of China’s cold chain logistics industry.As an indispensable part of the cold chain logistics industry,the reasonable storage environment in the container can not only reduce the energy consumption of refrigerated containers,but also effectively extend the shelf life of fresh goods.At present,mechanical refrigerated containers are used more in the market,although they can meet the requirements of long-term transportation,but their consumption of coal and electricity is large,and their economy and environmental protection are poor.The phase change storage refrigerated container has the advantage of "shifting peak and filling valley" to make full use of the low electricity storage at night,which can effectively improve the economic benefit.However,phase-change refrigerated containers are affected by space and cold storage materials,which greatly limits their long-term transportation,especially in cross-border transportation.In view of this,this thesis developed an active-passive dual-mode long-duration cold storage container to improve the shortcomings of existing containers.The main research results are as follows:(1)The temperature and cold holding time of the phase-change storage refrigerated container were tested on site.The results show that: when the temperature inside the container increases from-1℃ to 5℃,the cooling duration is 92 h,and when the temperature rises to 10℃,the total cooling duration reaches 112 h.(2)Based on the experimental container,the physical and mathematical model of the active and passive dual-mode refrigerated container was established to analyze the distribution characteristics of the environment inside the container,and the cold preservation effect was compared with that of the phase-change storage refrigerated container.The results show that the active and passive dual-mode long-release refrigerated container can effectively ensure the long-term transportation of fresh goods.(3)The influence of the structure parameters of cold plate on the cooling performance of the container under passive cooling mode is studied.The results show that the optimal thickness of cold plate is 12.5cm,the optimal thermal conductivity of phase change material is 0.6W/(m·K),and the optimal material of cold storage plate is aluminum alloy.(4)Based on the optimal thickness of the cold plate and the optimal thermal conductivity of the phase change material,when the temperature inside the container reaches 283 K,the cooling time of the passive cooling release mode is increased by12.5h and the increase rate is 11.82% compared with that before optimization,which can effectively reduce the cooling time of the active cooling release mode and increase the possibility of the phase change storage refrigerated container transporting goods in international long-term.(5)By comparing the internal environment characteristics of long-release refrigerated containers with those of existing refrigerated containers,it can be seen that the dual-mode can effectively improve the non-uniformity of the internal environment and better preserve the cold.The active and passive dual-mode long-release cold storage container studied in this thesis can create a good air flow organization,increase the cooling release time of the cold storage plate,and increase the possibility of the use of phase-change cold storage cold storage container in transnational long-distance transportation.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for transnational cold chain transportation,and can also provide technical support for practical engineering applications.更多还原