【作者】 王婷；

【导师】 范丽莉；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 推动村党组织书记和村委会主任“一肩挑”政策是党的十九大关于坚持和加强党对农村工作全面领导的具体举措,是强化村党组织领导地位的制度设计,也是乡村振兴战略规划的明确要求。为确保党的路线方针政策和决策部署,实现“两委”成员有效提高办事效率、增强服务本领和工作能力,2018年以来,党中央多次在文件条例中提出要在村级组织“两委”换届中大力推行“一肩挑”政策。因此为贯彻落实党的方针,了解“一肩挑”政策在乡村应用现状,深入探索“一肩挑”政策对于推动乡村治理现代化、强化基层党员组织能力的具体措施与实践经验,特针对于陕西省x镇为例开展走访调研,探究X镇“一肩挑”落实情况与实施成效及问题难点,并对村民和基层党员组织开展调查,了解群众的态度与展望,为厘清目前基层“一肩挑”实践方案和实践效果提供参考依据,并根据研究结果对目前基层治理体系现代化目标、完善乡村基层组织管理制度提供相应建议,达到对乡镇“一肩挑”实施过程的问题进行优化和改善的目的。通过上述研究发现目前陕西省X镇村级组织“一肩挑”实践存在以下困境:选举标准与实际不匹配、选举不合规行为频发、政策执行层面实施不落地、干部保障机制不到位。其本质原因是人才流失严重,合适人选储备难、缺乏权力监督与制约机制、政策落地方案标准化和细致化不足、干部保障资金投入不足。基于上述分析,本文从陕西省X镇村级组织“一肩挑”人才保障、选举制度保障、政策落地保障、干部保障等四个方面分别提出了相应的优化对策。本文旨在深入研究陕西省X镇村级组织的基层治理“一肩挑”模式,以提供具有代表性的研究样本和实际案例,为相关研究提供一定的理论参考和实践意义。该研究通过深入调研,客观全面了解“一肩挑”模式的实践情况,具有一定的学术价值。同时,本文还对“一肩挑”模式存在的问题进行了具体分析,并深入探究了问题的原因。在此基础上,本文提出了进一步完善基层“一肩挑”模式的若干措施,以期为地方基层政府改进村级两委“一肩挑”模式提供参考,进一步提升基层农村治理效能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Promoting the "one shoulder" policy of village Party organization secretaries and village committee directors is a specific measure of the 19 th National Congress of the Party on adhering to and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership over rural work,a system design to strengthen the leadership of village party organizations,and a clear requirement of the strategic planning for rural revitalization.In order to ensure the Party’s line,principles,policies and decision-making deployment,and realize the effective improvement of work efficiency,service ability and work ability of members of the "two committees",since 2018,the Party Central Committee has repeatedly proposed in documents and regulations to vigorously implement the "one shoulder" policy in the change of the "two committees" of village-level organizations.Therefore,in order to implement the Party’s policy,understand the status quo of the application of the "one-shoulder" policy in rural areas,and deeply explore the specific measures and practical experience of the "one-shoulder" policy in promoting the modernization of rural governance and strengthening the organizational capacity of grass-roots party members,we conducted a visit and research in X Town of Shaanxi Province as an example to explore the implementation of the "one-shoulder" in X Town,the implementation results and problems and difficulties.In addition,a survey of residents and grass-roots party members’ organizations was conducted to understand the attitude and outlook of the masses,provide a reference basis for clarifying the current grass-roots "shoulder-to-shoulder" practice plan and practical effects,and provide corresponding suggestions for the modernization of the current grass-roots governance system and the improvement of the management system of rural grass-roots organizations according to the research results.To achieve the purpose of optimizing and improving the problems in the implementation process of township "shoulder to shoulder".Through the above research,it is found that the current "shoulder to shoulder" practice of village-level organizations in X town of Shaanxi Province has the following difficulties: the election standards do not match the actual situation,the election non-compliance behavior is frequent,the policy implementation level is not implemented,and the cadre guarantee mechanism is not in place.The essential reasons are the serious brain drain,the difficulty of reserving suitable candidates,the lack of power supervision and restraint mechanisms,the lack of standardization and detail of policy implementation plans,and the insufficient investment in cadre security funds.Based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward corresponding optimization countermeasures from the four aspects of talent guarantee,election system guarantee,policy landing guarantee and cadre guarantee of village level organizations in X town of Shaanxi Province.This paper aims to conduct an in-depth study on the "shoulder to shoulder" mode of grass-roots governance in village-level organizations of X town in Shaanxi Province,so as to provide representative research samples and practical cases,and provide certain theoretical reference and practical significance for related research.Through in-depth investigation,this study objectively and comprehensively understands the practice of "shoulder-to-shoulder" mode,which has certain academic value.At the same time,this paper also makes a specific analysis of the problems existing in the mode of "shoulder to shoulder",and deeply explores the reasons for the problems.On this basis,this paper puts forward some measures to further improve the grass-roots "one shoulder" mode,in order to provide reference for local grass-roots governments to improve the "one shoulder" mode of the two committees at the village level,and further enhance the efficiency of grass-roots rural governance.更多还原