【作者】 刘杨；

【导师】 孙其君；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 物理学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在柔性电子设备和人机交互系统的发展中,具有高灵敏度和多功能的传感器起着重要作用。研究人员一直致力于探索各种传感材料,以实现多功能、宽检测范围和低能耗等。摩擦纳米发电机(TENG)具有材料选择广泛、易于制备、结构多样化和直接有效的特点。传统的传感器通常依赖外部电源供电,而摩擦纳米发电机可以将机械能转化为电能从而实现自驱动传感。因此,TENG在能量采集和自驱动系统等方面受到关注。传感器和致动器是智能机器人系统中的重要组成部分,随着物联网和智能工业的发展,探索可交互的和可部署的结构组件成为推动智能机器人发展的重要任务,也是目前智能控制的发展中有所欠缺的部分。在此,本文开展了基于摩擦纳米发电机的自驱动传感器及致动器的研究和探索。主要研究内容如下:(1)通过静电纺丝方法制备了一种多功能的离子凝胶纤维膜。通过光学显微镜观察了纤维膜的形貌,随后通过对其比电容和灵敏度进行测量,选择出具有最合适的参数的纤维膜。(2)基于离子凝胶纤维膜构建了离子电容式传感器。所制备的电容式传感器表现出良好的灵敏度和可重复性,在多次循环后仍然能够保持稳定。离电传感器还可以检测到人类手腕处清晰的脉搏波形,并且能通过电容式传感矩阵映射压力的分布。(3)研究并表征了离电TENG的电学性能,离电TENG具有良好的稳定性,其最大峰值功率为54.56μW,可用于为便携式商业电子产品供电。此外,离电TENG阵列可以实现交互式、快速响应和精确的动态监测,这拓宽了对直接和有效的传感设备的探索。(4)展示了摩擦电交互式致动器系统,它具有逻辑、仿生和抓取的多个功能。在整个系统中,TENG作为机械感受器,以一种自驱动且低功耗的方式将外部刺激转化为电压信号。构建了由电机和肌腱组成的致动机制,提出了由反向折痕折纸单元组成的耦合单元。所制备的单臂抓取器可以模仿人体手臂顺利地抓取平面内的物体,交互式自锁多臂抓取器可以实现折叠、部署和抓取的功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sensors with high sensitivity and multifunctionality play an important role in the development of flexible electronic devices and human-computer interaction systems.Researchers have been exploring various materials for sensing to achieve versatility,wide detection range and low energy consumption.Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are characterized with a wide selection of materials,easy preparation,structural diversity,and direct and effective.While conventional sensors usually rely on an external power source supply,triboelectric nanogenerators can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy to enable self-driven sensing.Therefore,TENGs have received attention in the areas such as energy harvesting and self-powered systems.Sensors and actuators are critical components in intelligent robotic systems,and with the development of the Internet of Things and smart industries,exploring interactive and deployable structural components has become an important task to promote the development of intelligent robots,and it is also a missing part in the current development of intelligent control.Here,this thesis carries out the investigation and exploration of self-powered sensors and actuators based on triboelectric nanogenerators.The main research components are as follows:(1)A versatile ion-gel fibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning method.The morphology of the fibrous membrane was observed by optical microscopy,and subsequently the fibrous membrane with the most appropriate parameters was selected by measuring its specific capacitance and sensitivity.(2)An iontronic capacitive sensor was constructed based on the ion-gel fibrous membrane.The capacitive sensor exhibited favorable sensitivity and reproducibility,which remained stable even after multiple cycle.The iontronic sensor can also detect a clear pulse waveform at the human wrist as well as map the distribution of pressure through the capacitive sensing matrix.(3)The electrical properties of the iontronic TENG were investigated and characterized,it has shown promising stability and has a maximum peak power of 54.56 μW,which can be used to power the portable commercial electronics.In addition,the iontronic TENG array enable interactive,rapid response and accurate dynamic monitoring,which broadens the exploration of direct and effective sensing devices.(4)A triboelectric interactive actuator system with multiple functions of logic,bionic and gripping is demonstrated.Throughout the system,the TENG acts as a mechanoreceptor,converting external stimulus into voltage signals in a self-driven and low-power approach.An actuation mechanism consisting of motors and tendons is constructed,and a coupling unit consisting of reverse crease origami units is proposed.The prepared single-arm gripper can imitate the human arm to grasp objects in the plane smoothly,and the interactive selflocking multi-arm gripper can realize the functions of folding,deploying and gripping.更多还原