【作者】 陈华；

【导师】 贺建华；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验通过研究负载氧化锌蒙脱石(简称载锌蒙脱石,Zn-MMT)对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群、血清免疫和抗氧化性能的影响,来探讨以低锌产品(Zn-MMT)替代断奶仔猪饲粮高氧化锌的可行性。试验选取180头体重为(6.2±0.45)kg的21日龄“杜长大”断奶仔猪,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头(公母各半)。3个处理组日粮分别为:对照组(CT,饲喂基础饲粮);载锌蒙脱石组(ZM,饲喂基础饲粮+2g/kg载锌蒙脱石);氧化锌组(ZO,基础饲粮+2.0g/kg氧化锌)。试验期28d,分别于试验1、14和28天对仔猪进行空腹称重并记录采食量。试验结束后(第29天)从CT、ZM和ZO三组每个重复(栏)中选1头进行屠宰取样,分析肠道菌群和粘膜结构,测定血清和结肠粘膜抗氧化和免疫指标。结果表明:1)生长性能。与对照组相比,ZM和ZO组仔猪全期腹泻率差异显著(P<0.01),同时能显著提高仔猪后期(15-28天)和全期仔猪平均日增重和降低料肉比(P<0.05)。2)肠道菌群。与对照组相比,ZM与ZO组都能增加回肠中proteobacteria和Actionbacteria门的相对丰度,以及属水平乳酸杆菌、粪肠杆菌属、多尔氏菌属、g＿GMB53和瘤胃球菌等的相对丰度,降低弯曲杆菌、月单胞菌属等潜在有害菌的相对丰度。3)抗氧化性能。与对照组相比,ZM和ZO组极显著提高仔猪血清T-AOC和SOD活性(P<0.01);极显著降低仔猪血清DAO活性(P<0.01)和显著降低LPS含量(P<0.05)。4)免疫力。与对照组相比,ZM和ZO组能极显著降低血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6含量和增加血清IL-10含量(P<0.01)。5)血液生化指标。与对照组相比,ZM和ZO组能极显著降低血清ALT、ALP活性(P<0.01)。本试验结果表明,载锌蒙脱石与氧化锌一样,具有改善断奶仔猪抗氧化性能、提高免疫力、降低断奶仔猪腹泻率从而促进其生长发育的作用,可作为氧化锌的替代品应用于断奶仔猪饲料生产中。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Zinc-loaded montmorillonite replaces zinc oxide on growth performance,intestinal microflora,mucosal membrane and serum immunity and antioxidant capacity of weanling pig.A total of 180 piglets(Duroc ×Landrace × Yorkshire)weaned at 21 days of age with the body weight of(6.2±0.45kg)were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 piglets(half male and half female)per replicate.The diets of the 3 treatment groups were as follows: control group(CT,fed a basal diet);Zinc-loaded montmorillonite group(ZM,fed a basal diet+2g/kg zinc-loaded montmorillonite);Zinc oxide group(ZO,basal diet+2.0g/kg Zinc oxide).The experiment lasted for 28 days.At the end of the experiment(Day 29),one pig from each replicate was slaughtered.The intestinal microflora and antioxidant and immune indexes of serum were determined.The results show that:1)Growth performance: Compared with the control group,the diarrhea rate of piglets in ZM and ZO groups was significantly decreased(P< 0.01),the average daily gain(ADG)significantly increased,feed/gain(F/G)of piglets decreased in late stage(15-28 days)and whole stage(P<0.05).2)Intestinal flora: Compared with the control group,dietary supplement with Zinc-montmorillonite(ZM)and zinc oxide(ZO)have increased the relative abundan ce of Proteobacteria and Actionbacteria.In genes level the relative abundance of L actobacillus,g＿Faecalibacterium,g＿Devosia,g＿GMB53,and g＿Ruminnococcus increa sed in cecum and colon;The relative abundance of g＿Campylobacteraceae,g＿Seleno monas,g＿YRC22,g＿Kaistobacte in intestinal.3)Oxidation resistance: Compared with the control group,serum T-AOC and SOD activities of piglets in ZM and ZO groups were significantly increased(P<0.01).The activity of DAO and the content of LPS in serum and mucosal tissues of piglets in ZM and ZO groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).4)Immunity: Compared with the control group,serum TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6contents in ZM and ZO groups were significantly decreased and serum IL-10 content was increased(P<0.01).5)Biochemical indicators: Compared with the control group,the activities of ALT and ALP in ZM and ZO groups were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The results showed that zinc-loaded montmorillonite,same as zinc oxide,could improve antioxidant performance,enhance immunity,reduce diarrhea rate and promote growth and development of weaned piglets,and could be used as a substitute for zinc oxide in feed production of weaned piglets.更多还原