【作者】 杨玲玲；

【导师】 曾贤模；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 外国语言文学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 情感话语是表达情感的话语,它们存在于每一种语篇中,具有基础性的意义。情感话语的形成源于情感的生成。情感是人与社会交往过程中产生的一种心理感受,它的本质是一种抽象概念,其表达依赖于语言形式,因为语言能表达人们的心理感受。情感经由语言表达后,便成为了情感话语。情感话语的研究集中于其对表达语篇态度的作用。同时,情感话语随情感分类变化的特点也有研究,还有部分隐喻特征研究,但其认知研究较为不足。尤其是机制研究较少,并且研究者未解释这些情感话语的认知基础。因此,本文在此基础上提出了三个研究问题:(1)《习近平扶贫论述摘编》中的情感话语有哪些类别以及它们的分布特征是什么?(2)这些话语的认知机制有哪些?(3)从体认语言学的角度看,这些话语的认知基础是什么?为解决这三个研究问题,本文从认知的角度对《习近平扶贫论述摘编》中的情感话语进行研究,借助隐喻、转喻等认知方式和体认语言学的思想分析这些情感话语的认知机制和认知基础,得到了如下发现。第一,本文发现《习近平扶贫论述摘编》中共有六类情感话语,分别是开心类情感话语、担忧类情感话语、安全类情感话语、期待类情感话语、愤怒类情感话语和悲伤类情感话语。安全类情感话语最丰富,出现了91次,占比51.1%。开心类情感话语出现了25次,占比14.1%;担忧类情感话语出现了31次,占比17.4%;期待类、愤怒类和悲伤类情感话语出现的频次较少,分别出现了11次、16次、4次,占比6.2%、8.9%、2.3%。这些情感话语使用了直接和间接的表达方式,直接表达情感的话语出现了15次,间接表达情感的话语出现了163次。第二,这些情感话语所使用的认知机制有隐喻机制、转喻机制、隐转喻机制和复合机制。隐喻机制包含三种:空间位置的隐喻机制、身体部位的隐喻机制以及身体体验感觉的隐喻机制;转喻机制包括以因代果的转喻机制和以果代因的转喻机制,以及在认知参照点、凸显和意象图式的辅助下形成的因果关系转喻机制;隐转喻机制是因果关系的转喻机制中包含了器官“心”的隐喻机制;复合机制是隐喻、整合和转喻共同作用形成的,其变化在于机制中隐喻的源域变化。转喻机制存在于每一类情感话语中。相比之下,转喻机制的使用比隐喻机制更为普遍。第三,人们与客观现实互动获得体验感觉,这些体验感觉在人们认知能力的作用下抽象成为情感概念和认知机制。人们在表达情感概念时激活了相应的情感体验记忆和认知机制,这种情感通过认知机制被赋予到语言中表达出来,形成了情感话语。因此,在体认语言学的指导之下,情感话语的认知基础经历了人的体验-体验感觉-情感概念-情感话语这个流程,所以情感话语生成的过程符合体认语言学的核心原则,即现实-认知-语言。本文丰富了情感话语的认知研究,从认知机制角度为情感话语的研究提供了一个方向,揭示了情感与情感话语的关系,同时为体认语言学的研究补充了一个实例,希望能帮助体认语言学的进一步发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Emotional utterances are utterances to express emotions.They play a basic meaning in the text as they exist in every discourse.The formation of emotional utterances originates from the generation of emotions.Emotion is a psychological feeling generated in the process of social interaction.Its essence is an abstract concept and its expression depends on language because language can express people’s psychological feelings.After emotions are expressed through language,they become emotional utterances.The research emphasis on emotional utterances lies in expressing attitude in discourse.Meanwhile,their characteristics changing with emotion classification are studied,also including features of metaphor,but cognitive research,especially in mechanisms is few.Their cognitive basis is not studied.Therefore,this study proposes three research questions:(1)What are the categories of emotional utterances and their distribution characteristics in Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Poverty Alleviation Speeches?(2)What are the cognitive mechanisms of these utterances?(3)What is the cognitive basis for these utterances in the perspective of embodied-cognitive linguistics?To answer these questions,this study explores the emotional utterances in Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Poverty Alleviation Speeches in a cognitive perspective using cognitive approaches of metaphor and metonymy and the idea of embodied-cognitive linguistics to analyze their cognitive mechanisms and cognitive basis.The findings are as follows:Firstly,this study finds six categories of emotional utterances in Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Poverty Alleviation Speeches,including emotional utterances of happiness,emotional utterances of worry,emotional utterances of security,emotional utterances of expectation,emotional utterances of anger,and emotional utterances of sadness.Emotional utterances of security are the most abundant,because their frequencies are 91,accounting for 51.1%;the frequencies of emotional utterances of worry are 31,accounting for 17.4%;the frequencies of emotional utterances of happiness are 25,accounting for 14.1%;emotional utterances of expectation,anger,and sadness appear less frequently,11 times,16 times,and 4 times respectively,accounting for 6.2%,8.9%,and 2.3%.The modes of these emotional utterances expressing emotion are direct and indirect types,with 15 direct expressions and 163 indirect expressions.Secondly,the cognitive mechanisms of these emotional utterances are the metaphor mechanism,metonymy mechanism,metaphtonymy mechanism,and compound mechanism.Three types of metaphor mechanisms are used in Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Poverty Alleviation Speeches,including the metaphor mechanism of spatial position,the metaphor mechanism of body parts,and the metaphor mechanism of physical feeling.Metonymy mechanism includes the metonymy mechanism of substituting effect with the cause and metonymy mechanism of substituting cause with the effect as well as metonymy mechanism with the help of cognitive reference point,prominence,and image schema.Metaphtonymy mechanism is the cause-effect metonymy mechanism that includes the metaphor mechanism of the organ "heart".The compound mechanism is an application of metaphor and conceptual integration and metonymy and its change lies in the change of the source domain of metaphor in the mechanism.The metonymy mechanism is involved in every category of emotional utterance.In contrast,the metonymy mechanism is more commonly used than a metaphor mechanism.Thirdly,humans get sensory feelings by interacting with objective reality,which is abstracted into emotional concepts and cognitive mechanisms under the influence of people’s cognitive ability.When expressing an emotional concept,people activate the memory of the corresponding emotional experience and cognitive mechanism to endow this emotion into the language to express,emotional utterances formed lastly.Therefore,the cognitive basis of emotional utterances is the process of people’s experience-sensory feeling-emotional concept-emotional utterances.This study enriches the cognitive research of emotional utterances.It provides a research direction for emotional utterances in a perspective of cognitive mechanisms,which reveals the link between emotion and emotional utterances.Meanwhile,it adds a case for the research of embodied-cognitive linguistics,hoping to help the further development of embodied-cognitive linguistics.更多还原