【作者】 王楠；

【导师】 严俊；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 新闻学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 对于个人来说,国家认同是其确认自己身份的情感根源,对于国家来说,国家认同是实现中华民族伟大复兴的重要情感纽带。因此,国家认同感的存在和强弱关系到一个国家的切身利益与发展前景,具有十分重要的作用。2014年2月27日,十二届全国人大常委会第七次会议通过决定,将12月13日设立为南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日,这为中国人民国家认同感的凝聚提供了一条可行的现实路径。因此,从仪式传播的视角出发,对国家公祭日的国家认同塑造功能进行探究,具有一定的现实意义。研究从仪式传播的视角出发,利用文本分析法、案例分析法、深度访谈法对2014年至2022年9年间的国家公祭活动及媒体对国家公祭日的仪式化报道进行分析,具体而言分为以下四个部分:第一章为绪论,介绍研究背景、研究现状、主要概念、研究意义、研究问题、研究的创新点以及研究方法。第二章从罗森布尔对仪式传播的定义出发,将国家公祭日的仪式传播拆分为两部分——具有传播特性的国家公祭仪式活动本身和媒体对国家公祭日的仪式化传播,具体论述仪式的展演过程。第三章从国家认同的概念出发将“国家认同”拆分为政治性、历史文化性这两个维度。在此基础上,对于国家公祭日的仪式传播如何建构国家认同进行系统的阐述和分析。第四章从仪式传播的受众视角出发,利用深度访谈法探究国家公祭日仪式传播的意义生成,考察国家公祭日的仪式传播是否实现了国家认同的塑造。研究发现,国家公祭日的仪式传播通过时空要素的整合、象征符号的运用、活动的规则性开展,将仪式参加者带入了仪式的肃穆氛围之中;纸媒的报道、电视直播和新媒体的策划与报道则为无法现场参与仪式的普通公众搭建了接触国家公祭日相关信息的多种渠道。在此基础上,仪式通过对国家情况的今昔对比、对政党角色的定位、对国家政治理想的阐发,对国家认同进行政治性建构。通过对共同历史的回溯和对文化记忆的调用对国家认同进行历史文化性建构。而经由国家公祭日的仪式传播,公众对于国家的理性认知被强化,对国家的情感记忆被唤起,对国家的奉献行为被激发。在理性认知、情感态度和行为选择三个维度上实现了国家认同的塑造。通过对南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日仪式传播的考察,探讨了仪式传播在国家认同塑造过程中的作用和机制,为日后更好地利用我国丰富的历史符号资源,并通过仪式传播提升国家认同提供理论借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 For individuals,national identity is the emotional source for confirming their identity.For the country,national identity is an important emotional bond for achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Therefore,the existence and strength of national identity are closely related to a country’s vital interests and development prospects,and play a very important role.On February 27,2014,the seventh meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People’s Congress adopted a decision to establish December 13 as The National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims,which provided a feasible path for Chinese people to cohesion of national identity.Therefore,from the perspective of ritual communication,it has certain practical significance to explore the national identity shaping function of the The National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims.This study uses textual analysis,case analysis,and in-depth interview methods from the perspective of ritual communication to analyze the national memorial ritual and media coverage of the National Memorial Day from 2014 to 2022.Specifically,it is divided into the following four parts:The first chapter is an introduction,introducing the research background,current research status,main concepts,research significance,research issues,innovation points,and research methods.In the second chapter,the study starts from Rosenberg’s definition of ritual communication and divides the ritual communication of National Memorial Day into two parts-the national memorial ritual itself with communication characteristics and the ritual communication of National Memorial Day by the media,specifically discussing the process of ritual performance.In the third chapter,the study divides "national identity" into political,historical and cultural dimensions based on the concept of national identity.On this basis,a systematic exposition and analysis will be conducted on how to construct national identity in the ritual communication of National Memorial Day.In the forth chapter,the study starts from the audience perspective of ritual communication and uses in-depth interviews to explore the generation of significance in the ritual communication of National Memorial Day.Research has found that ritual communication of the National Memorial Day brings ritual participants into a solemn atmosphere through the use of temporal and spatial elements,the use of symbols,and the regular implementation of activities.The coverage of paper media,television live streaming,and the planning and reporting of new media have established multiple channels for ordinary public who are unable to participate in the ritual on-site to access information about National Memorial Day.On this basis,the ritual constructs the political identity of the country through a comparison of the past and present situation of the country,positioning the role of political parties,and elucidating the political ideals of the country.Through the tracing of common history and the invocation of cultural memory,rituals construct a historical and cultural identity of the country.Through the ritual communication of the National Memorial Day,the public’s rational understanding of the country is strengthened,their emotional memory of the country is awakened,and their dedication to the country is stimulated.The shaping of national identity has been achieved in three dimensions: rational cognition,emotional attitude,and behavioral choice.This research explores the role and mechanism of ritual communication in the shaping process of national identity through the investigation of the ritual communication of the National Memorial Day,which provides a theoretical reference for making better use of China’s rich historical symbol resources in the future and improving national identity through ritual communication.更多还原