【作者】 张斌；

【导师】 吴守军；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 土木工程， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 转光膜是实现“光肥”高效利用的有效手段,能将太阳光中对光合作用影响不大甚至有害的紫光、紫外光和绿光,转换成有效光合作用的红光或蓝光。但是不同作物或同一作物的不同生长时期,其对光质的需求不同。传统转光膜的转光效果单一,无法满足作物对光质的变化性需求。本研究提出制备可替换性的环保转光膜,以聚乙烯醇和魔芋葡甘聚糖复合涂膜为基膜,研究成膜原料组成和配比对基膜性能的影响规律;进而探究转光剂掺量对转光膜性能的影响规律,优选出最佳转光剂掺量;最后通过不同作物应用检验制备的转光膜应用效果。主要研究内容和结论如下:(1)膜透光性优化得到各成膜组分含量分别为:3%PVA、0.4%KGM、0.3%甘油和0.1%山梨醇;成膜组分对膜水溶性影响大小排序为:PVA>KGM>山梨醇>甘油;最终优化基膜配比为PVA 1799:PVA 2699:KGM:甘油:山梨醇:柠檬酸=1.0:2.0:0.4:0.3:0.1:0.2时,基膜可以综合满足温室高温高湿环境稳定使用要求的粘附性、稳定性、透光性及环保去除性(50℃高温水溶胀)等指标。(2)转光膜的荧光强度随转光剂掺量的增加先增后减,红、蓝两种转光剂均在掺量为0.8%时荧光强度最大。转光剂掺量的增大会导致转光膜透光率的降低,综合考虑,红光转光剂和蓝光转光剂的最佳掺量分别为0.4%和0.5%;按最佳荧光剂掺量添加到优化基膜中制备转光膜,该转光膜可以满足其在玻璃温室的应用要求。(3)使用转红光膜生菜的叶片数、株高、茎粗、单株地上鲜重、单株地上干重,较无转光膜的对照组均有所提高,转红光膜能促进生菜的生长发育;转蓝光膜对樱桃萝卜茎叶的徒长有抑制作用,与无转光膜的对照组相比,使用转蓝光膜樱桃萝卜的叶片数、株高、茎粗、单株地下鲜重、单株地下干重有不同程度的下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 Light conversion film is an effective method of achieving efficient utilization of "light fertilizer",which can convert the violet light,ultraviolet light and green light in sunlight that have little or even harmful impact on photosynthesis into red or blue light for effective photosynthesis.However,different crops or the same crop of different growth periods have different demands for light quality.The traditional light conversion film has a single light conversion effect and can not meet the changing needs of crops for light quality.In this study,a replaceable environment-friendly phototransfer film was prepared.Polyvinyl alcohol/Konjac glucomannan composite film was used as the base film to study the influence of the composition and proportion of film forming materials on the properties of the base film.Furthermore,the influence rule of the amount of light conversion agent on the performance of light conversion film was explored,and the optimal amount of light conversion agent was optimized.Finally,the application effect of light conversion film was tested through the application of different crops.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of light transmittance,the optimized film is composed of 3% PVA,0.4%KGM,0.3% glycerol and 0.1% sorbitol.The influence of film composition components on film water solubility is decreased in the order of PVA>KGM>sorbitol>glycerol.The film composed of PVA 1799: PVA 2699: KGM: glycerol: sorbitol: citric acid =1.0:2.0:0.4:0.3:0.1:0.2 can comprehensively meet the application requirements of stability,adhesion,light transmittance and environmental protection removal(swelling in water at50 °C)in high temperature and high humidity environment of the greenhouse.(2)The fluorescence intensity of the light conversion film first increases and then decreases with the increase of the amount of light conversion agent addtion.The fluorescence intensity of both the red and blue light conversion agents is the highest at a dosage of 0.8%.The increase of light conversion agent content will lead to the decrease of the transmittance of light conversion film.Overall,the optimal dosage of the red light conversion agent and the blue light conversion agent is 0.4% and 0.5%,respectively.According to the optimal dosage of fluorescent agent added to the optimized base film to prepare the light transfer film,the light transfer film can meet the requirements of its application in glass greenhouse.(3)The red light conversion film can promote the growth and development of lettuce.Compared to the control group without light conversion film,using the red light conversion film makes the number of leaves,plant height,stem diameter,fresh weight and dry weight above ground per plant of lettuce treated increased.The blue light conversion film can restrain the excessive growth of branches and leaves of cherry radish.Compared with the control group without light conversion film,using the blue light conversion film leads to leaf number,plant height,stem diameter,underground fresh weight and dry weight per plant of cherry radish decreased to a certain degree.更多还原