小区域气象环境监测系统设计

【作者】 张颖超；

【导师】 行鸿彦；

【作者基本信息】 南京信息工程大学 ， 电子信息（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 目前专业化气象环境监测存在着尺度大,范围广,布点少,不能实现精细化观测,分布式显示,而大众化观测,特别是针对小区域,重点区域的气象观测还很少,不能满足国民经济和社会发展的需求,因此,研究和设计小区域气象观测及其分布显示是必要的,也是社会发展急需的。为此,本文根据社会发展对小区域气象观测的需要,分析了小区域气象环境监测系统的功能要求,设计了一个具有温度、湿度、气压三种气象要素的小区域环境监测分布系统,通过无线通信技术将采集到的气象数据上传至云平台,设计了基于云平台的网页端应用程序,利用最优插值算法,清晰、准确的实现了小区域气象要素的连续分布显示。主要研究内容如下:1.分析了传感器模块、无线通信技术、定位模块的具体结构及实现的功能,设计了小区域气象环境监测系统的控制电路、数据采集及传输电路,提出了基于两种模式下的无线通信模块组网方式,完成了系统的下位机软件设计,解决了气象数据的采集与传输问题。2.研究了云平台的接入、TCP/IP、HTTP网络通信协议,分析了在云平台上如何关联数据流、数据上传、存储的方法,设计了无线通信模块与云平台的连接方式,编写了基于云平台的B/S架构的Web应用程序,实现了用户登录、注册、气象要素分布图查看等功能。3.结合实际情况,搭建了气象要素采集系统,对无线通信模块的传输进行距离测试和云平台数据接收测试,采集了校园内某一区域的三种气象要素,利用了三种插值方法对同一时刻的数据进行处理,分析了各气象要素的空间分布特征以及对比交叉验证结果,在网页端显示了某一时刻的三种气象要素分布,分布图能够清晰、准确的反映校园区域内的气象观测要素分布。综上,本文设计完成的小区域气象环境监测系统,能够实现小区域范围内的气象要素数据的连续分布显示,对小区域气象环境监测具有重要的实际意义和应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,specialized meteorological environment monitoring has the characteristics of large scale,wide range,few distribution points,and cannot achieve fine observation and distributed display.However,popular observation,especially for small areas and key areas,is still rare,which cannot meet the needs of national economic and social development.Therefore,it is necessary to research and design small area meteorological observation and its distribution display,and it is also urgently needed for social development.Therefore,based on the needs of social development for small area meteorological observation,this article analyzes the functional requirements of small area meteorological environment monitoring systems,designs a small area environmental monitoring and distribution system with three meteorological elements: temperature,humidity,and air pressure.Through wireless communication technology,the collected meteorological data is uploaded to the cloud platform,and a web-based application based on the cloud platform is designed.Using the optimal interpolation algorithm,clear Accurate realization of continuous distribution display of meteorological elements in small areas.The main research contents are as follows:1.Analyzed the specific structure and functions of the sensor module,wireless communication technology,and positioning module,designed the control circuit,data acquisition,and transmission circuit of the small area meteorological environment monitoring system,proposed a wireless communication module networking method based on two modes,completed the system’s lower computer software design,and solved the problem of meteorological data acquisition and transmission.2.Studied the access,TCP/IP,and HTTP network communication protocols of the cloud platform,analyzed how to associate data streams,upload,and store data on the cloud platform,designed the connection method between the wireless communication module and the cloud platform,wrote a Web application based on the B/S architecture of the cloud platform,and implemented functions such as user login,registration,and meteorological element distribution map viewing.3.Based on the actual situation,a meteorological element collection system has been established to conduct distance testing and cloud platform data reception testing for the transmission of wireless communication modules.Three meteorological elements in a certain area of the campus have been collected,and three interpolation methods have been used to process the data at the same time.The spatial distribution characteristics of various meteorological elements have been analyzed and compared with the cross validation results.The distribution of three meteorological elements at a certain time has been displayed on the webpage,The distribution map can clearly and accurately reflect the distribution of meteorological observation elements within the campus area.To sum up,the small area meteorological environment monitoring system designed in this paper can achieve continuous distribution and display of meteorological element data within a small area,which has important practical significance and application value for small area meteorological environment monitoring.更多还原