【作者】 张越；

【导师】 徐建平；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 晋察冀边区邮政建设是边区政权建设的一部分,邮政系统的建立与运转一定程度上也代表边区政权的建设效果。1945年边区邮政建立起来后,实行“完全邮政”,成为党政军民之间通讯联络的重要媒介,成为服务全边区人民的社会性公营企业。在解放战争期间,便利了晋察冀边区群众的通讯,圆满完成了战时通信联络任务,保障了解放战争的胜利。1948年8月10日,晋察冀边区邮政管理局与晋冀鲁豫边区邮务管理局合并成立华北邮政总局。1949年11月1日,中央人民政府成立邮电部,统一了全国的邮政和电信事业。作为人民邮政组成部分之一的华北邮电总局,正是由华北地区各解放区的邮政总局组合而成。本文以边区邮政为研究对象,旨在通过对晋察冀边区邮政发展的研究,还原边区邮政发展的面貌,了解其艰苦奋斗的历程,并从中获得相关的历史经验。首先通过第一、二章对边区邮政的机构设置与建设进行研究,对边区邮政组织的演变、邮政管理机构的设置与机构特点等进行分析,论述其邮政系统的双重领导性质,建立起边区“交通组织”与正式邮政管理机构(晋察冀边区邮政管理局)二者之间的联系,形成对边区邮政延续性的认识。通过第三到五章对晋察冀边区邮政的具体建设事项,分析边区邮政发展的情况,总结边区邮政在建设与实施过程的特点,探求边区邮政“企业化”的实际效果。第六章考察晋察冀边区邮政业务的历史意义及不足。它完成了党政军通信联系的需要,并积极拓展业务,满足人民的通讯需要,支援了解放战争的胜利。但同时,边区邮政也存在着不足,如经费短缺,邮局常常入不敷出;在机构上人员调动频繁;业务上积压信件、贪污等问题,都制约了晋察冀边区邮政的进一步发展。通过分析,晋察冀边区邮政有着鲜明的时代特色与特殊性,遗留了抗日战争结束前交通组织的特点。这使得边区邮政有着与同时期的“中华邮政”和当代邮政不同的发展方向,对中共领导的邮政事业起着承前启后的作用,既保留了战争特色,又蕴含着新的“完全邮政”公营事业的因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 The postal construction in Jinchaji border area is part of the construction of the border area regime,and the establishment and operation of the postal system to a certain extent also represents the effect of the construction of the border area regime.After the establishment of the postal service in the border area in 1945,the postal service became an important medium of communication between the Party,the government,the military and the people,and became a social public enterprise serving the people of the whole border area.During the Liberation War,it facilitated the communication of the people in Jinchaji Border Area and successfully completed the task of wartime communication to guarantee the victory of the Liberation War,and on August 10,1948,Jinchaji Border Area Postal Administration merged with Jinji Lu Yu Border Area Postal Administration to establish North China General Post Office,and on November 1,1949,the Central People’s Government established the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications to unify the postal and telecommunication services of the whole country.As one of the components of the People’s Post,the North China General Post and Telecommunications Administration was formed precisely by combining the postal administrations of the liberated areas in North China.This paper takes the border area post as the object of study,aiming at restoring the face of the development of the border area post,understanding its hard struggle and gaining relevant historical experience through the study of the postal development of Jinchaji border area.Firstly,through the first and second chapters,we study the institutional setting and construction of the postal service in the border area,analyze the evolution of the postal organization,the setting and institutional characteristics of the postal administration in the border area,discuss the dual leadership nature of the postal system,establish the link between the "transportation organization" and the formal postal administration(Jinchaji border area postal administration)in the border area,and form an understanding of the postal service in the border area.This chapter discusses the dual leadership nature of the postal system,establishes the link between the "transportation organization" of the border area and the official postal administration(Jinchaji Border Area Postal Administration),and develops an understanding of the continuity of the postal system in the border area.Through chapters 3 to 5,we analyze the development of postal services in the border area of Jinchaji,summarize the characteristics of the construction and implementation of postal services in the border area,and explore the practical effects of the "enterprise" of postal services in the border area.Chapter 6 examines the historical significance and shortcomings of the postal service in the Jinchaji border area.It fulfilled the communication needs of the Party,government and military,and actively expanded its business to meet the communication needs of the people and support the victory of the Liberation War.However,at the same time,there are also shortcomings in the border area postal service,such as shortage of funds,the post office often cannot make ends meet;frequent transfer of personnel in the organization;backlog of letters and corruption in the business,all of which restrict the further development of the Jinchaji border area postal service.Through analysis,Jinchaji border post has distinctive characteristics and peculiarities of the times,leaving behind the characteristics of the transportation organization before the end of the Anti-Japanese War.This makes the postal service in the border area develop in a different direction from the "China Post" and the contemporary postal service in the same period,and plays a role in carrying forward the postal service led by the Communist Party of China,preserving the characteristics of the war and containing the elements of the new "complete postal service".更多还原