【作者】 刘超；

【导师】 刘敦文； 张利慧；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国家的发展,交通道路基础设施的建设越来越受到人们的重视,高速公路建设已成为陆上交通的重要工程。我国幅员辽阔,山地众多;因此,在山地高速公路建设过程中的边坡防护和稳定性研究也成为了人们关注的焦点。目前,国内外对边坡生态防护的研究较少,还没有形成完整的理论体系,缺乏针对性的理论指导和实际应用,尤其是台风地区生态护坡的研究较少。因此,本文结合工程实际,获取现场实际气象监测数据,对台风地区边坡进行现场监测、植被筛选和数值模拟,形成台风地区植被优选评价体系,为高速公路建设边坡防护提供完善的理论指导和现场应用。本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)通过定期监测边坡周围的气象因子和现场土壤温湿度,获得边坡周围的温度、湿度、风速、太阳辐射和降雨量等气象参数的长期变化规律,进而揭示边坡周围“微气象”指标的时变规律。(2)建立了基于遗传算法改进BP神经网络的通过气象因子对土壤湿度预测模型,并应用于台州某边坡工程实例对土壤湿度预测中,证实了该方法具有较好的精度。(3)采用无损检测技术对既有边坡不同发育情况的典型植被根系进行探测,获得典型植被的根系发育形态、影响土层深度等参数与其生长情况。并建立三维有限元模型,进行边坡稳定性分析。(4)在改进模糊层次分析法的基础上,建立了台风地区高边坡植被评价模型,为边坡植被评估提供切实可行的指导。图52幅,表34个,参考文献74篇更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the country,the construction of traffic and road infrastructure has received more and more attention,and the construction of highways has become an important project for land transportation.China is a vast country with many mountains;therefore,the research on slope protection and stability in the process of mountain highway construction has also become a focus of attention.At present,there are few studies on slope ecological protection at home and abroad,and a complete theoretical system has not been formed,and there is a lack of targeted theoretical guidance and practical application,especially the research on ecological slope protection in typhoon areas is less.Therefore,this paper combines engineering practice,obtains actual meteorological monitoring data on site,conducts on-site monitoring,vegetation screening and numerical simulation for slopes in typhoon areas,forms a preferential evaluation system for vegetation in typhoon areas,and provides perfect theoretical guidance and on-site application for slope protection in highway construction.The main research contents of this paper are as follows.(1)By regularly monitoring the meteorological factors around the slope and the soil temperature and humidity at the site,the long-term changes of meteorological parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed,solar radiation and rainfall around the slope are obtained,thus revealing the time-varying laws of "micro-meteorological" indicators around the slope.(2)A model of soil moisture prediction by meteorological factors based on improved BP neural network with genetic algorithm was established and applied to a slope project in Taizhou to predict soil moisture,which confirmed that the method has good accuracy.(3)Adopt non-destructive testing technology to detect the root system of typical vegetation with different development conditions on the existing slope,and obtain parameters such as the root development form of typical vegetation,the depth of the influenced soil layer and its growth condition.And a three-dimensional finite element model is established for slope stability analysis.(4)Based on the improved fuzzy hierarchical analysis method,a vegetation evaluation model for high slopes in typhoon areas was established to provide practical guidance for slope vegetation assessment.更多还原