【作者】 金鑫；

【导师】 李家盛； 陶海坤；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 机械（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 船-机-桨的合理匹配是船舶设计的基本要求。然而螺旋桨在设计和使用的过程中往往会因为各种原因出现主机功率低于螺旋桨推进所需功率的情况,导致船-机-桨不匹配,工程中通常使用螺旋桨削边法来解决这一问题。螺旋桨削边后,因桨叶的几何形状发生改变,其水动力特性和振动特性均会发生改变。目前国内外对螺旋桨削边问题的研究,主要集中在削边前后水动力特性的变化上,仅有较少学者对空气中(轻质流体)螺旋桨削边前后振动特性的变化规律进行了探讨。由于船舶螺旋桨的工作环境一般在水(重质流体)中,周围流场对桨叶振动特性的影响,表现为流固耦合效应,不可忽略。本文围绕4381到4384四种常规桨型,基于参数化建模技术和有限元理论,融合ABAQUS和ANSYS两大商用有限元软件技术优势,结合QT软件界面设计平台,开发具有一定功能性、可视性的计算软件,以开展对水下螺旋桨削边后振动特性的研究,揭示削边方法和桨叶侧斜角度等关键因素对水下螺旋桨削边后振动特性的影响,并根据计算结果改良削边量估算图谱,研究表明:(1)直径削边法和随边削边法都会使桨叶振型产生由扭转振动向弯曲振动的趋势。(2)随着直径/随边削边量的增长,桨叶固有频率上升,但同一型号桨叶各阶固有频率的增长率并不相同,也无单调趋势。固有频率的增长率与振型的变化有关,当桨叶振型出现(1)中明显现象时,桨叶频率的增长率会显著上升。(3)在相同切割量下,直径削边法对有/无侧斜桨叶固有频率和振型的影响普遍大于随边削边法。(4)侧斜角度对随边/直径削边后桨叶固有频率的影响不大,但会对桨叶振型的变化产生影响,随着侧斜角度的增加,桨叶削边后振型的变化逐渐减弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reasonable matching of the ship,engine,and propeller is the basic requirement of ship design.However,in the process of propeller design and use,the power of the main engine is often lower than the power required by the propeller propulsion for various reasons,resulting in the mismatch of the ship,engine,and propeller.Propeller trimming method is usually used to solve this problem in engineering.After the propeller is trimmed,the hydrodynamic and vibration characteristics will change due to the change in blade geometry.At present,the research on propeller trimming mainly focuses on the changes in hydrodynamic characteristics before and after trimming,and only a few scholars have discussed the changes in vibration characteristics of the propeller in the air(light fluid)before and after trimming.As the surrounding fluid of a ship propeller is generallywater(heavy fluid),the influence of the surrounding flow on the vibration characteristics of the propeller blade can not be ignored.This is named as fluidstructure interaction problem..Based on parametric modeling technology and finite element theory,combined with the technical advantages of ABAQUS and ANSYS,and combined with the QT software interface design platform,this paper develops a calculation software with certain functionality and visibility to carry out the research on the vibration characteristics of the underwater propeller after trimming.This thesis reveals the influence of key factors such as trimming method and blade side angle on the vibration characteristics of the underwater propeller after trimming.In addition,a trimming estimation map according to the calculation results is developed.The research shows that:(1)Both the trimming method of the diameter and the trailing edge will make the blade vibration mode change from torsional vibration to bending vibration.(2)With the increase of trimming amount,the natural frequency of blade increases,but the growth rate of each order natural frequency of the same model blade is not the same,and there is no monotonic trend.The growth rate of natural frequency is related to the change of vibration mode.When the blade vibration mode is changed obviously,the growth rate of blade frequency will increase significantly.(3)Under the same cutting amount,the influence of the diameter trimming method on the natural frequency and vibration mode of the blade with or without sideslope is generally greater than that of the edge trimming method.(4)The lateral angle has little effect on the natural frequency of the blade after trimming with the side/diameter,but it will affect the change of the vibration mode of the blade.With the increase of the skew angle,the change of the vibration mode of the blade after trimming gradually weakens.更多还原