【作者】 张洋洋；

【导师】 朱一民；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 矿物加工工程， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 河北柏泉矿区为岩浆岩型含磷铁矿石,其磁选尾矿中含有大量有价组分磷灰石,是潜在的磷资源。从柏泉磁选铁尾矿中回收磷灰石不仅具有极大的资源利用前景,而且对于资源二次利用及环境保护具有重要意义。本文以柏泉磁选铁尾矿中赋存的主要矿物磷灰石、赤铁矿和钠长石为研究对象,进行了磷灰石、赤铁矿和钠长石的单矿物及人工混合矿浮选试验,考察了新型高分子浮选抑制剂的抑制性能,并通过接触角、动电位、红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱等检测方法,分析并讨论了磷灰石、赤铁矿及钠长石与药剂的作用机理。本文主要研究了在捕收剂α-溴代十二酸体系下,新型高分子抑制剂DZY-1～DZY-4和常规抑制剂羧甲基淀粉、水玻璃对磷灰石、赤铁矿和钠长石浮选行为的影响。结果表明新型高分子抑制剂DZY-2和DZY-3能够有效抑制赤铁矿和钠长石,在矿浆pH为5.0～11.0范围内可以实现磷灰石与赤铁矿、钠长石的有效分离。水玻璃和羧甲基淀粉和水玻璃对赤铁矿和钠长石也具有一定的选择性抑制能力,但是用量均较大,最佳用量远大于DZY-2和DZY-3药剂的30倍。在使用DZY-3作为抑制剂时,针对磷灰石-赤铁矿、磷灰石-钠长石及磷灰石-赤铁矿-钠长石进行浮选试验,磷灰石均能得到有效回收。当矿浆pH约为9.5,α-溴代十二酸用量100 mg/L,DZY-3用量4.0 mg/L时,磷灰石-赤铁矿二元人工混合矿可获得P2O5品位为31.26%,回收率为72.22%的浮选精矿;磷灰石-钠长石二元人工混合矿可获得P2O5品位为37.40%,回收率为69.22%的浮选精矿;磷灰石-赤铁矿-钠长石三元人工混合矿可获得P2O5品位为30.71%,回收率为74.29%的浮选精矿。本文运用接触角测定、Zeta电位测定、XPS测试、红外光谱等检测分析等方法,系统研究了在捕收剂α-溴代十二酸体系下,新型高分子抑制剂DZY-3与磷灰石、赤铁矿和钠长石的作用机理。矿物表面的润湿性研究表明,新型高分子抑制剂DZY-3的添加,对磷灰石接触角的改变并不明显,但可以使赤铁矿和钠长石的的接触角明显降低,表现出较强的亲水性。这是由于DZY-3在矿物表面的吸附阻碍了疏水性分子捕收剂α-溴代十二酸在赤铁矿和钠长石表面的吸附,使赤铁矿和钠长石的疏水性减弱,从而表现为可浮性的减小。矿物表面的荷电性质、红外光谱分析和XPS能谱分析结果证明了在DZY-3和α-溴代十二酸共同作用时,DZY-3在三种矿物表面的吸附作用有物理吸附和氢键吸附,α-溴代十二酸在三种矿物表面的吸附方式为化学吸附。当DZY-3与α-溴代十二酸与矿物表面同时作用时,DZY-3竞争吸附于赤铁矿和钠长石的表面,DZY-3含有大量的—COOH亲水性基团,因此在浮选中DZY-3对赤铁矿和钠长石具有较强的抑制作用。本论文的研究成果对柏泉含磷铁尾矿中回收磷灰石的新型高分子浮选抑制剂的研制提供了参考价值,对完善抑制剂作用原理理论具有一定意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hebei Baiquan mining area is a magmatic rock-type phosphorus-containing iron ore,and its magnetic separation tailings contain a large amount of valuable component flourapatite,which is a potential phosphorus resource.The recovery of phosphorus from Baiquan magnetic separation iron tailings not only has great prospects for resource utilization,but also has great significance for the secondary resource and environmental protection.In this paper,the main minerals such as flourapatite,hematite and albite,which were fond in the iron tailings of Baiquan magnetic seperation,are studied by single minerals and artificial mixed ore flotation test of flourapatite,hematite and albite.Contact angle analysis,Zeta potential analysis,infrared spectrum analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis,etc.,discussed the mechanism of action of flourapatite,hematite and albite with the new polymer depressant.In this paper,the depressing actions of a new series of depressant DZY-1～DZY-4 and conventional depressant carboxymethyl starch,sodium silicate are studied whenα-bromododecanoic acid used as collector.The results show that the new depressant DZY-2 and DZY-3 can effectively depress hematite and albite,and the effective separation of flourapatite from hematite and albite can be achieved in the range of pH 5.0～11.0.Sodium silicate and carboxymethyl starch have a certain selectivity for the depression of hematite and albite,but the dosage is relatively large,and the optimal dosage is much greater than 30 times that of DZY-2 and DZY-3.The flotation test of flourapatite-hematite binary artificial mixed ore,flourapatite-albite binary artificial mixed ore and flourapatite-hematite-albite ternary artificial mixed ore are carried out when DZY-3 is used as the depressant under collector α-bromododecanoic acid.The results show that flourapatite can be separated effectively from hematite and albite when condition meet requirements that including pulp pH 9.5,α-bromododecanoic acid dosage 100 mg/L,DZY-3 doage 4.0 mg/L,the flotation of flourapatite-hematite binary artificial mixed ore can obtain concentrate with P2O5 grade of 31.26%,and P2O5 recovery of 72.22%;the flotation of flourapatite-albite binary artificial mixed ore can obtain concentrate with P2O5 grade of 31.40%,and P2O5 recovery of 69.22%;the flotation of flourapatite-hematite-albite binary artificial mixed ore can obtain concentrate with P2O5 grade of 30.71%and P2O5 recovery of 74.29%.In addition,the mechanism of DZY-3 acting with the surface of flourapatite,hematite and albite is studied systematically by contact angle measurement,Zeta potential measurement,XPS test,infrared spectroscopy analysis.The contact angle analysis shows that the addition of the new depressant DZY-3 has little influence on the contact angle of flourapatite,but it can significantly reduce the contact angle of hematite and albite,showing a strong Hydrophilicity.This is because the adsorption of DZY-3 on the mineral surface hinders the adsorption of the hydrophobic molecular collector α-bromododecanoic acid on the surface of hematite and albite,and weakens the hydrophobicity of hematite and albite,manifesting a reduction in floatability.Moreover,the results of Zeta potential analysis,infrared spectrum analysis and XPS energy spectrum analysis proved that when DZY-3 and α-bromododecanoic acid act together,α-bromododecanoic acid can chemically adsorbed on the surface of flourapatite,hematite and albite,while the adsorption of DZY-3 on the surface of 3 kinds of minerals includes physical adsorption and hydrogen bond adsorption.When DZY-3 andα-bromododecanoic acid act on the surface of minerals simultaneously,DZY-3 competes for adsorption on the surface of hematite and albite,and make a strong depressing effect on hematite and albite in flotation because of its abundant hydrophilic groups-COOH.The research results of this paper provide reference value for the development of new type of high-efficiency iron ore depressant,and have certain significance for improving the principle of depressant.更多还原