【作者】 李秋艳；

【导师】 谢婉若；

【作者基本信息】 四川师范大学 ， 戏剧与影视学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 非物质文化遗产是各民族多元文化生态的具体体现和历史文化记忆。它代表着人类文明的精髓,是各族人民的宝贵财富,也是人类文化命脉的动力之源。非遗是各族人民在与自然界、社会领域以及自身交往的过程中而形成的。这个过程凝聚了各族人民的价值认同和思想共识,激发了巨大的生命力和人的主观能动性,促进了人类社会意识的形成和发展,并指引着社会存在的不断推进和人类生产力的提升。随着社会的不断发展,众多珍贵的非遗正在逐渐消失,其保护和传承面临着巨大的挑战。在当今社会,市场经济的迅速发展以及媒介传播的变革使人们的精神空间受到了压迫,这使得非遗保护和传承面临着多重困境,如传承人才的流失和断层、文化冲击、传承意识淡薄等。此外,还出现了过度包装和物化的态势,以及如何突破物质形态的限制等诸多问题。因此,如何传承和弘扬中华优秀非遗文化是我们每一代人必须面对的命题。在这个过程中,影像媒介成为了传播传统文化的重要渠道,承担着传承和传播中国非遗文化的重要任务和使命。然而,在当今娱乐至上的时代背景下,如何指出一条向上的路,探寻非遗文化的重整和表达之路,已成为传播学界和传媒业界亟待思考和解决的问题。非遗类微纪录片《了不起的匠人》通过精心的选择、组织和整合,塑造了艺术层面上的文化记忆和话语表达,跨越不同国家、历史和文化事件的界限,呈现出独特的艺术魅力。既有的非遗影像记忆研究多限于传统纪录片,对于网络新媒体领域关注较少。而微纪录片的影像生产过程本身就是一种文化记忆生产的过程。除此之外,微纪录片《了不起的匠人》的接受过程,也是一种文化记忆建构的过程。新的视听表现方式塑造了记忆主体对文化记忆的多维度认知,使影像和文化记忆在双重建构中体现出社会价值和文化效用。基于此,本文以优酷平台的《了不起的匠人》为研究对象,以文化记忆为理论框架,辅以符号学、叙事学等相关理论,结合个案研究和文本分析法,梳理相关文献,探究其在挖掘、转化和表征非遗文化记忆的建构实践,以及微纪录片与文化记忆之间的契合点,从而实现对非遗文化的再认知和再解读。本文共有五章。第一章对此次研究中所运用文化记忆理论的相关内容进行概括和归纳,并对《了不起的匠人》进行简要概述,强调二者是相互影响、彼此促进、共同发展的耦合关系。第二章阐述《了不起的匠人》通过文化溯源、挖掘非遗传统文化的重要性,并探讨了节目如何赋予非遗文化记忆资源以时代精神和现代价值,以及实现传承的路径。第三章分析了该节目运用视听符号重组文化记忆,为人们提供全新的视听文化体验,实现了对非遗记忆的重构和表征过程。第四章讨论了该节目的可读性叙事,通过不同的叙事结构和视角,将可读性的文化记忆串联于节目之中,最终实现加固非遗文化记忆和彰显非遗价值的强化效果。第五章总结研究发现该节目构建非遗文化记忆还存在记忆内容碎片化,工艺制作流程形式化等问题,并提出了优化内容、深层传递非遗文化、提升仪式感、强化互动机制、防止商业化过度和文化失真等建议。总体而言,本研究针对非遗类微纪录片《了不起的匠人》,从挖掘、转化和表征非遗文化记忆等方面进行了研究,并发现了该节目在文化记忆建构方面存在的不足之处。针对这些问题,本研究提出了一系列优化节目内容和提高节目质量的建议,旨在为非遗类相关文化节目的创作以及文化记忆理论的拓展研究提供借鉴基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Intangible cultural heritage is the concrete manifestation and historical and cultural memory of the diverse cultural ecology of each ethnic group.It represents the essence of human civilization,is the precious treasure of all peoples,and is the source of power for the cultural lifeline of human beings.NRMs are formed by the people of all ethnic groups in the process of interacting with nature,the social sphere and themselves.This process unites the value identity and ideological consensus of all peoples,stimulates tremendous vitality and human initiative,promotes the formation and development of human social consciousness,and guides the continuous advancement of social existence and the enhancement of human productivity.With the continuous development of society,many precious NRMs are gradually disappearing,and their preservation and inheritance are facing great challenges.In today’s society,the rapid development of the market economy and the changes in media communication have oppressed people’s spiritual space,which makes the protection and inheritance of NRM face multiple dilemmas,such as the loss and discontinuity of inherited talents,cultural impact,and weak awareness of inheritance,etc.In addition,there are many issues such as over-packaging and materialization dynamics,and how to break through the limits of material form.Therefore,how to inherit and promote the excellent Chinese non-traditional culture is a proposition that we must face in every generation.In this process,the video media has become an important channel for spreading traditional culture and has assumed the important task and mission of inheriting and spreading Chinese non-heritage culture.However,in the context of today’s entertainment-first era,how to point out an upward path and explore the way of reorganizing and expressing the non-heritage culture has become an urgent issue to be considered and solved by the communication academia and media industry.Through careful selection,organization and integration,the non-foreign heritage micro-documentary "The Amazing Artisan" shapes cultural memory and discourse expression on an artistic level,crossing the boundaries of different countries,histories and cultural events,and presenting a unique artistic charm.Most of the existing studies on the visual memory of NRMs are limited to traditional documentaries,and less attention has been paid to the field of new online media.The video production process of microdocumentaries is itself a process of cultural memory production.In addition,the process of receiving the micro-documentary "The Great Artisan" is also a process of cultural memory construction.The new audiovisual expressions shape the memory subject’s multidimensional perception of cultural memory,making the image and cultural memory embody social value and cultural utility in a dual construction.Based on this,this paper takes "The Amazing Craftsman" on Youku platform as the research object,takes cultural memory as the theoretical framework,supplements it with relevant knowledge of semiotics and narratology,combines case study and text analysis method,composes relevant literature,and explores its constructive practice in excavating,transforming and characterizing cultural memory of non-heritage,as well as the fit between microdocumentary and cultural memory,so as to realize the re-cognition and re-interpretation of non-heritage culture.The purpose of the study is to re-cognize and re-interpret NRM culture.This paper has five chapters.The first chapter summarizes the content of cultural memory theory applied in this study and gives a brief overview of The Great Artisan,emphasizing the coupling relationship between the two as a mutual influence,mutual promotion,and joint development.Chapter 2 elaborates the importance of The Amazing Craftsman in uncovering the traditional culture of NRM through cultural tracing and exploring how the program gives the NRM cultural memory resources the spirit of the times and modern values,as well as the path to realize the inheritance.The third chapter analyzes the program’s use of audiovisual symbols to restructure cultural memories and provide people with a new audiovisual cultural experience,realizing the process of reconstructing and representing the memories of non-foreign heritage.Chapter 4 discusses the program’s readable narrative,which,through different narrative structures and perspectives,links readable cultural memories in the program,ultimately achieving the reinforcing effect of reinforcing the cultural memories of NRMs and highlighting their values.Chapter 5 concludes the study and finds that the program has problems such as fragmentation of memory content and formalization of craft production process,and makes suggestions to optimize the content,deeply convey the NRM culture,enhance the sense of ritual,strengthen the interaction mechanism,and prevent excessive commercialization and cultural distortion.In general,this study investigates the non-heritage micro-documentary "The Amazing Craftsman" in terms of excavating,transforming and characterizing the cultural memory of non-heritage,and identifies the shortcomings of the program in the construction of cultural memory.In response to these problems,this study proposes a series of suggestions to optimize the content and improve the quality of the program,aiming to provide a reference basis for the creation of non-heritage related cultural programs and the expansion of cultural memory theory.更多还原