【作者】 刘帅；

【导师】 金娇； 吴健；

【作者基本信息】 长沙理工大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 煤矸石作为亟待解决的大宗固废资源材料,其无序堆放状态下的储存方式不仅会对人类社会安全造成危害,还会对自然环境造成巨大不利影响。基于煤矸石中富含大量粘土矿物成分且结构可调变等特点,可将其应用于沥青路面材料。(1)本文采用化学插层和高温活化两种方式分别对煤矸石进行处理,对煤矸石基材料的结构特征和材料特性进行系统表征,研究结果表明煤矸石基材料结构稳定,比表面积提高,孔容能力和吸附能力均得到明显增强,热稳定性能良好,可用于改性沥青和作为其他功能型材料的载体使用。(2)制备了煤矸石改性沥青材料,采用三大指标试验、温度扫描试验、低温流变试验、长短期老化试验对煤矸石基材料改性沥青的物化性能进行表征,对改性沥青的宏观性能进行定性分析,试验结果表明煤矸石基材料改性沥青的基本技术性能得到优化,高温流变性能及抗老化能力得到明显改善;通过荧光扫描试验、扫描电镜试验和红外光谱试验对改性沥青机理进行研究分析,试验结果表明煤矸石基材料与沥青基体的主要反应为物理共混。(3)以煤矸石基材料作为相变材料的载体进行复合,并采用环氧树脂进行封装,对两种煤矸石基相变复合定形材料(CPER和APER)的路用性及适用性进行判定,结果表明CPER和APER的结构稳定,相变温度为54.32℃和55.76℃。(4)观察不同掺量下CPER和APER改性沥青材料的微观组织分布形态,研究分析两种相变改性沥青材料的路用性能和调温性能,发现随着CPER和APER掺量的增加会在一定程度上改善沥青基体材料的高温稳定性能和控温能力,考虑相变沥青胶浆的低温流变性能,推荐两种相变沥青改性剂的掺量为10%。(5)采用APER替换常规沥青混合料中的细集料,制备出煤矸石基相变沥青混合料,对其普通路用性能和调温性能进行系统测试,结果表明:在相同测试环境下,2%掺量的APER改性沥青混合料的综合性能较好。上述研究在促进大宗固废再循环利用的同时,也能有效提升沥青路面的服役品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal gangue is an urgent solution to the bulk of solid waste resource materials,its storage in a disorderly pile state will not only cause harm to human social security but also cause a great negative impact on the natural environment.Based on the gangue is rich in a large number of clay mineral components and variable structure,it can be applied to asphalt pavement materials.(1)In this paper,the gangue was treated by chemical intercalation and high-temperature activation,and the structural characteristics and material properties of the gangue-based materials were characterized systematically.The results show that the gangue-based materials are structurally stable,the specific surface area is improved,the pore capacity and adsorption capacity are significantly enhanced,and the thermal stability is good,which can be used for modified asphalt and as a carrier for other functional materials.(2)The gangue modified asphalt material was prepared.The physical and chemical properties of the gangue-based material modified asphalt were quantitatively characterized by three index tests,temperature scan test,low-temperature rheology test,and long and short term aging test,and the macroscopic properties of the modified asphalt were qualitatively analyzed,and the test results showed that the basic technical properties of the gangue-based material modified asphalt were optimized,and the high-temperature rheological properties and anti-aging ability were Significantly improved;through fluorescence scanning test,scanning electron microscopy test and infrared spectroscopy test on the mechanism of modified asphalt,the test results show that the main between the reaction of gangue-based materials and asphalt matrix for physical co-mingling.(3)Using gangue-based materials as the carrier of phase change materials for compounding and epoxy resin for encapsulation,the roadworthiness,and applicability of the two gangue-based phase change explicit composite materials(CPER and APER)were determined.The results showed that the structure of CPER and APER was stable,and the phase change temperature was 54.32℃ and 55.76℃.(4)Observe the microstructure distribution of CPER and APER modified asphalt materials at different dosing levels,study and analyze the road performance and temperature regulation of the two-phase change modified asphalt materials,and find that the increase in CPER and APER dosing will improve the high-temperature stability and temperature control ability of asphalt matrix materials to a certain extent.Modifier dose of 10%.(5)APER was used to replace the fine aggregate in conventional asphalt mixes to prepare a coal gangue-based phase change asphalt mix.Its general road performance and temperature control performance were tested systematically.The above study can effectively improve the service quality of asphalt pavement while promoting the recycling of bulk solid waste.更多还原