【作者】 李丽；

【导师】 马永驰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 行政管理， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在新冠疫情期间,世界各国的监狱系统成为疫情爆点,各国监狱疫情防控绩效存在较大差异。本研究对30国监狱疫情防控政策进行了比较研究,按照理论研究——经验研究——政策建议的逻辑,分析各监狱系统在疫情防控中权衡取舍的过程,识别这一过程中形成的多样的监狱疫情防控政策组合,分析产生差异化疫情防控绩效的原因,为优化监狱系统应对突发公共卫生事件的能力提供建议。在理论研究中,本研究将监狱疫情防控政策分为限制性政策、补偿性政策(物质性补偿措施、精神性补偿措施)、大规模释放政策三类。发现在监狱疫情防控中存在两对主要矛盾:公共卫生与公共安全之间的矛盾、公共卫生与被监禁者合法权利保护之间的矛盾。识别监狱疫情防控的三个目标:公共卫生目标、公共安全目标与保护被监禁者权利目标,并以此为基础厘清了政策目标与政策工具的功能性联结,建构了三元目标——政策工具组合分析框架。在经验研究中,本研究运用多案例比较分析和fsQCA方法,发现限制性政策和精神性补偿政策是监狱疫情防控的必要性措施,大规模释放政策不是必要措施。限制性政策+物质性补偿措施+精神性补偿措施、限制性政策+精神性补偿措施+大规模释放政策是监狱需要关注的两种(核心)政策组合。资源可获得性、监狱占有率、惩罚性文化是监狱疫情防控政策组合选择的边界条件。资源可获得性低导致限制性政策失效、补偿性措施不能满足被监禁者保护个人权利的需要、大规模释放政策失效是导致部分国家监狱疫情防控绩效较差的原因。本研究认为监狱疫情防控需要关注1)遵循健康知情工作方法,发挥公共卫生部门和专家在决策中的关键作用;2)运用系统性的工作方法提高监狱部门的资源可获得性;3)根据当地情境实施多元化的物质性补偿性措施,重视精神性补偿;4)选择性地使用大规模释放政策。监狱疫情防控为国家制定疫情防控政策提供了借鉴,实现良好的国家疫情防控需要权衡经济目标、公共卫生目标、公共安全目标、个人权利保护目标,增强组织控制力,注重物质性补偿和精神性补偿。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the period of COVID-19,prison systems around the world have become the hot spot of the outbreak.In order to control the spread of COVID-19 in prisons,a variety of COVID-19 policies have emerged in prison systems around the world,but the performance of COVID-19 policies in prisons varies greatly.This study conducted a comparative study on the COVID-19 policies of prisons in 30 countries.According to the logic of theoretical researchempirical research--policy suggestions,it analyzed the process of making trade-offs in epidemic prevention and control in various prison systems,identified various combinations of prison COVID-19 policies formed during this process,and analyzed the reasons for the differentiated epidemic prevention and control performance.To provide recommendations for optimizing the prison system’s ability to respond to public health emergencies.In the theoretical study,this study divided the prison epidemic prevention and control policies into three categories:restrictive policies,compensatory policies(material compensation measures,spiritual compensation measures),and large-scale release policies.It is found that there are two main contradictions in prison epidemic prevention and control:the contradiction between public health and public safety,and the contradiction between public health and the protection of legal rights of detainees.Three objectives of epidemic prevention and control in prisons were identified:public health,public safety and the protection of detainees’ rights.Based on this,the functional connection between policy objectives and policy tools was clarified,and a three-way objective--policy tool combination analysis framework was constructed.In the empirical study,this study used multi-case comparative analysis and fsQCA method to find that restrictive policies and mental compensation policies were necessary measures for epidemic prevention and control in prisons,while large-scale release policies were not.Based on QCA method,two core paths for effective epidemic prevention and control in prisons were verified,which were Path 1:restrictive policy+material compensation measures+spiritual compensation measures;Path 2:Restrictive policy+spiritual compensation measure+mas release policy.This indicates that the prevention and control of prison epidemic should pay attention to the choice of policy mix in differentiated situations.Resource availability,priso share,and punitive culture are the boundary conditions for the selection of prison epidemi prevention and control policy mix,and affect the policy objective weighing and polic selection of prison administration departments in various countries.The low availability o resources led to the failure of restrictive policies,the failure of compensatory measures t meet the needs of detainees to protect their individual rights,and the failure of large-scal release policies were the reasons for the poor performance of epidemic prevention and contro in some national prisons.Therefore,this study provides policy recommendations on epidemic prevention and control in prisons.To achieve effective epidemic prevention and control in prisons,we need to pay attention to the following four aspects:1)follow the healthy and informed working method and give play to the key role of public health departments and experts in decision-making;2 Use systematic working methods to improve the availability of resources in the prison sector 3)Implement diversified material compensatory measures according to the local situation and pay attention to spiritual compensation;4)Selective use of mass release policies.The epidemic prevention and control in prisons provides reference for the formulation of nationa epidemic prevention and control policies.To achieve a good national epidemic prevention and control,economic objectives,public health objectives,public safety objectives,and individua rights protection objectives need to be balanced.Strong organizational control and pay attention to material and spiritual compensation are the keys to achieve a good nationa epidemic prevention and control.更多还原