【作者】 陈睿；

【导师】 俞礼军； 向前忠；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 交通运输工程（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 道路交通拥堵收费作为一种交通管理策略,实质是在一定程度上通过收费对出行选择行为的驱动来实现缓解拥堵的目的。当使用道路有成本时,特别是根据需求制定不同的收费时,司机必须判断经济成本是否大于缩短通勤时间带来的好处。如果定价合理,司机可能会在很大程度上改变他们的通勤习惯,包括调整工作时间表,提前安排可在不同时间进行的出行,搬到离工作地点更近的地方,这有助于整体提高道路使用效率。为制定合理的道路收费,对道路收费定价问题以及路网交通均衡的相关理论进行了总结概述,综合考虑了实际路网特性,扩展了基于路网交通均衡的道路收费定价方法。具体内容如下:(1)面向交通均衡提出一类考虑容量限制的道路收费定价互补模型。新的模型引入了路段容量限制与延误变量。基于文献中关于满足广义均衡条件中的最优拉格朗日乘子的延误解释,本文的道路收费定价互补模型实质是现有的文献中广义用户均衡、广义随机用户均衡、混合均衡模型的拓展应用。针对同一案例,采用新模型与部分文献中道路收费定价模型计算,表明路段容量限制不能忽略。面向全路段的收费定价,基于本文互补模型的道路收费定价方法为道路收费定价提供了新的视角。(2)为了深入研究全路段收费定价,在互补模型的基础上提出了一种以上述互补模型为约束的MPEC模型框架。针对同一案例,以MPEC模型框架基于算例的计算结果表明,MPEC模型框架计算结果较之互补模型计算结果更加合理可行。(3)智能移动技术的出现可能并不能有效缓解拥堵。针对这种情况,有必要研究智能移动技术背景下缓解拥堵的道路收费定价策略。本研究提出的基于混合均衡的MPEC模型能够评估考虑弹性需求变化和路网混合均衡等复杂条件下的道路收费定价。研究结果表明,基于不同的目标确定的道路收费定价不同且影响差异大。本文的研究成果为道路收费定价策略的制定提供了新的探索工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a traffic management strategy,congestion charging can alleviate congestion by driving travel choice behavior through charging to some extent.When there are costs to using the road,especially when different tolls are set according to demand,drivers must decide whether the monetary costs outweigh the benefits of shorter commutes.If priced correctly,drivers are likely to change their commuting habits significantly,including adjusting work schedules,scheduling trips that can be made at different times in advance,and moving closer to work,which contributes to overall road efficiency.In order to get a reasonable road congestion pricing,this paper summarizes the related theories of road congestion pricing and traffic equilibrium of road network,considers the characteristics of the actual road network comprehensively,and extends the road congestion pricing method based on traffic network equilibrium.The details are as follows:(1)road congestion pricing approaches based on complementary models considering road capacity are investigated in this dissertation.Based on the explanation of delay of optimal Lagrange multiplier satisfying the generalized equilibrium condition in the literature,the complementary pricing model of road toll pricing in this paper is essentially an extended application of generalized user equilibrium,generalized stochastic user equilibrium and mixed equilibrium models in the existing literature.For the same numerical case,the comparison of calculation results with the new model and the road pricing model in some literatures shows that the road capacity limitation can not be ignored.The road toll pricing method based on the complementary model of this paper provides a new perspective for road toll pricing.(2)In order to further study road congestion pricing,a MPEC framework is proposed based on the complementarity constraints.For the same case,the calculation results show that the calculation results of MPEC framework are more reasonable and feasible than those of complementary model.(3)The advent of smart mobile technology may not be effective in alleviating congestion.In view of this situation,it is necessary to study the road pricing strategy to alleviate congestion under the background of smart mobile technology.The MPEC model based on mixed traffic equilibrium proposed in this study can evaluate road toll pricing under complex conditions such as elastic demand and road network mixed traffic equilibrium.The results show that the pricing of road toll based on different objectives is different and the impact is different.The research results of this paper provide a new exploration tool for the formulation road congestion pricing strategy.更多还原