【作者】 王楠；

【导师】 赵颖智；

【作者基本信息】 中南财经政法大学 ， 人口学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 党和国家历来高度重视人民健康。据第七次人口普查数据显示,我国人口老龄化程度已进一步加深,60岁及以上的老年人有2.6亿人,占人口总数的18.7%。随着年龄增长和身体素质下降,老年群体更容易遭受健康风险的威胁。同时,随着我国信息技术的快速发展,互联网在生活中所扮演的角色越来越重要。截至2021年12月,我国网民规模达10.32亿,其中,60岁及以上老年网民规模达到1.19亿,占我国网民的比重提升至11.5%,占老年人口总数的43.2%,互联网已经进一步向老年群体渗透。然而,部分老年人难免会陷入“数字难民”的困境,在运用智能技术方面存在诸多困难,如计算机操作不熟练,难以搜寻有效信息等,这导致我国“数字鸿沟”问题愈发明显。因此,在老龄化和信息化的双重背景下,开展互联网使用和老年人身心健康之间的影响研究显得极其重要。本文基于2017年中国综合社会调查数据,考察老年人使用互联网带来的健康影响。首先对相关概念进行界定,并通过文献梳理以及Grossman健康资本需求理论、互联网健康传播理论、社会资本理论提出本文的研究假设。其次通过样本的描述性分析介绍不同特征老年人的互联网使用与健康水平情况。在此基础上进行实证分析,具体包括:一、检验互联网使用是否会对老年人的生理和心理健康产生影响以及结果的稳健性;二、借助倾向得分匹配控制自选择偏误问题,研究其净效应;三、针对不同年龄阶段、性别、受教育程度以及工作情况的老年人进行健康影响的异质性分析;四、检验互联网使用对老年人身心健康影响的具体作用机制。最后根据本文的研究结论提出合理的政策建议。研究结果表明:互联网使用对老年人的生理、心理健康均具有促进作用,且对生理健康的促进作用更大。在不同年龄阶段、不同性别的老年群体中,互联网使用的健康影响存在显著差异。相较于中高龄老年人,互联网使用对低龄老年人生理、心理健康的促进作用更明显。相较于女性老年人,互联网使用对男性老年人生理健康的促进作用更强,但在心理健康层面并无显著差异。互联网使用可以正向直接作用于老年人生理、心理健康水平,也可以通过社会资本这一路径发挥作用。具体来讲,互联网使用不仅可以通过社交网络的中介效应对老年人身心健康产生正向的促进作用,也可以通过社会信任的遮掩效应产生负向的削弱作用。社交网络所承载的中介效应大于社会信任产生的遮掩效应。所以应当切实推进老年人数字信息服务普及工作、提高网络媒体的易用性和可信度、便利老年人使用智能化产品和服务,让老年人在信息化发展中有更多的获得感、幸福感、安全感。更多还原

【Abstract】 The CPC and the state have always attached great importance to people’s health.China’s population is aging further,with 260 million people aged 60 and above,accounting for 18.7percent of the total population,according to the seventh national census.Older age groups are more vulnerable to health risks as they age and decline in physical fitness.At the same time,with the rapid development of information technology in China,the Internet plays a more and more important role in our life.As of December 2021,the number of Internet users in China reached 1.032 billion,among which the number of elderly Internet users aged 60 and above reached 119 million,accounting for 11.5% of China’s Internet users and 43.2% of the total elderly population.The Internet has further penetrated into the elderly group.However,some of the elderly will inevitably fall into the plight of "digital refugees" and have many difficulties in using intelligent technology,such as the lack of computer operation proficiency and difficulty in searching for effective information,which leads to the "digital divide" in China.Therefore,under the dual background of aging and informatization,it is extremely important to study the influence between Internet use and the physical and mental health of the elderly.Based on 2017 Chinese general social survey data,this thesis examines the health effects of Internet use among the elderly.Firstly,relevant concepts are defined,and the research hypothesis of this thesis is proposed through literature review,Grossman’s health capital demand theory,Internet health communication theory and social capital theory.Secondly,descriptive analysis of the sample was conducted to introduce the Internet use and health level of the elderly with different characteristics.On this basis,empirical analysis was conducted,including: 1.To test whether Internet use has an impact on the physical and mental health of the elderly and the robustness of the results;2.Use propensity score matching to control the self-selection bias problem and study the net effect;3.Heterogeneity analysis of health effects for older persons of different age,gender,education level and working status;4.Examine the specific mechanism of the impact of Internet use on the physical and mental health of the elderly.Finally,reasonable policy suggestions are put forward according to the research conclusions.The results show that Internet use has a positive effect on the physical and mental health of the elderly,and the positive effect on the physical health is greater.There are significant differences in the health effects of Internet use among older people of different ages and genders.Compared with the elderly,Internet use has a more significant effect on the physiological and mental health of the younger elderly.Compared with female elderly,Internet use has a stronger effect on physical health of male elderly,but there is no significant difference in mental health.Internet use can have a positive and direct effect on the physical and mental health of the elderly,and it can also play a role through social capital.Specifically,Internet use can not only positively promote the physical and mental health of the elderly through the mediating effect of social network,but also negatively weaken the physical and mental health of the elderly through the masking effect of social trust.The mediating effect of social network is greater than the masking effect of social trust.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the popularization of digital information services for the elderly,improve the ease of use and credibility of network media,facilitate the elderly to use intelligent products and services,so that the elderly can have more sense of gain,happiness and security in the development of information technology.更多还原