【作者】 杨慧；

【导师】 袁南南；

【作者基本信息】 中南财经政法大学 ， 房地产经济学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 自改革开放以来,我国一些重点城市的住房租赁市场长期处于供求失衡的状态。住房租赁市场供不应求的局面导致了房租的持续上涨,提高了整个市场对于租金回报的预期,房屋的投资功能更加显著。与此同时,近年来我国个体劳动者的过度劳动问题频频登上热搜,周工作时间超过40小时的劳动者比比皆是。由于我国居民对购房有着较为强烈的追求动力,并常常据此决定自己的劳动供给选择。本文猜想租金上涨带来的丰厚投资回报可能是吸引居民为追逐有价值的房产而加倍工作的原因之一。另外,房东和租户作为租房市场的供需两方,他们面对租金上涨又会做出如何反应?基于此,本文以住房租金对居民劳动供给的影响为题,试图从理论和实证两方面对此进行探索和解答,以期为相关研究提供有益补充。本文从实际出发,基于我国的公开调查数据,将理论与实际相结合,试图诠释住房租金对劳动供给决策的影响。具体来说,本文试图回答:住房租金对劳动参与决策和劳动供给时间是否存在影响?如果存在,影响程度有多大?住房租金会通过何种途径对劳动供给产生影响?对于不同户籍、不同性别、不同婚姻状况、不同学历的居民来说,他们的劳动供给受住房租金的影响是否存在差异?按照上述研究思路,在理论分析的基础上,本文试图利用微观数据实证分析住房租金上涨对我国居民的劳动供给决策产生的总体影响以及各细分样本的差异。进一步地,本文将住房租金产生作用的途径归类为投资效应、收入效应和替代效应,并通过加交互项和调节变量的方式,识别上述三种渠道的存在性和影响幅度。研究发现:首先,在控制了人口特征、家庭特征以及地区经济特征后,租金上涨能显著促进居民劳动供给,具体表现为租金水平每上涨1%将导致个体的劳动参与概率上涨约0.0117个百分点,周工作时间增加3.66%,稳健性检验结果同样支持该结论。其次,在租金对劳动供给的影响路径中,投资效应会使居民的劳动供给增加,收入效应会导致居民的劳动时间减少并抵消投资效应的正向影响,而替代效应则没有按预期在样本中发挥作用。最后,不同户籍、性别、婚姻状况和学历的居民,其劳动参与决策和劳动供给时间受租金的影响程度存在差异。以上研究结论的实践意义,首先是要警惕租金上涨预期引发的投资需求;其次,加强房地产持有环节征税,防止劳动资源浪费;最后是要用好政府和市场“两只手”,补齐租赁市场短板,确保租金处于合理范围内。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and opening up,the housing rental market in some key cities in our country has been in a state of imbalance between supply and demand for a long time.The shortage of supply in the housing rental market has led to a continuous increase in rents,which has raised the expectations of the entire market for rental returns,and the investment function of housing has become more significant.At the same time,in recent years,the problem of overwork among individual workers in my country has frequently been on the hot search list,and workers who work more than 40 hours a week can be found everywhere.Because Chinese residents have a relatively strong pursuit of housing,and often decide their own labor supply choices accordingly.This paper conjectures that the lucrative return on investment from rising rents may be one of the reasons why residents are tempted to double their work in pursuit of valuable properties.In addition,as the supply and demand sides of the rental market,how will landlords and tenants respond to rising rents? Based on this,this paper takes the impact of housing rent on the labor supply of residents,and attempts to explore and answer it from both theoretical and empirical aspects,in order to provide useful supplements for related research.Starting from reality,based on the public survey data in my country,this paper combines theory with practice,trying to explain the impact of housing rent on labor supply decisionmaking.Specifically,this paper attempts to answer: Does housing rent have an impact on labor participation decision-making and labor supply time? If so,how big is the impact? In what ways does housing rent affect labor supply? For residents with different household registrations,different genders,different marital status,and different educational backgrounds,are there differences in their labor supply affected by housing rents?According to the above research ideas,on the basis of theoretical analysis,this paper attempts to use micro-data to empirically analyze the overall impact of rising housing rents on the labor supply decision-making of Chinese residents and the differences between subdivided samples.Further,this paper classifies the channels through which housing rents play a role as investment effect,income effect and substitution effect,and identifies the existence and influence range of the above three channels by adding interaction terms and moderating variables.The study found that: first,after controlling for demographic characteristics,family characteristics and regional economic characteristics,rent increases can significantly promote the labor supply of residents.Specifically,every 1% increase in rent level will lead to an increase of about 0.0117 percentage points in the labor participation probability of individuals.The weekly working hours increased by 3.66%,and the robustness test results also support this conclusion.Secondly,in the impact path of rent on labor supply,the investment effect will increase the labor supply of residents,the income effect will reduce the labor time of residents and offset the positive impact of the investment effect,while the substitution effect is not as expected in the sample.Play a role.Finally,residents with different household registration,gender,marital status and educational background have different degrees of influence on labor participation decision and labor supply time by rent.The practical significance of the above research conclusions is that,first of all,we should be alert to the investment demand caused by the expectation of rising rents;secondly,strengthen the taxation of real estate holdings to prevent the waste of labor resources;thirdly,good government and market "two hands",make up for the shortcomings of the leasing market,and ensure that rents are within a reasonable range.更多还原