【作者】 陈娟；

【导师】 赵仲明；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 翻译硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 本实践报告以本人所译《日本人眼中的自然》的第一章、第二章和第三章的中文文本为对象,结合实践过程中的具体翻译问题,追述并总结翻译经验,反思译文中存在的不足。本实践报告的理论框架“衔接与连贯”理论,在国内具有一定的影响力,研究成果颇丰,其中结合翻译展开讨论的研究也不在少数,但是,对该理论的运用大多集中在英语翻译领域,日语翻译领域则鲜有涉及,笔者希望本实践报告能为此提供一些参考。日文原著《日本人眼中的自然》,以日本人的视角围绕“自然”展开论述。作者从日常的事物和场景入手,重点阐述三方面的内容,即日本人看待自然时的内外两种视角、“自然”一词的两次引进及引进过程中含义的变化、日本人思考方式的变化。在此基础上,作者突出了站在内部看自然时的内部视角的重要性。原作的第一章至第二章包含大量对日常场景和无意识行为的描写,作者试图通过这些描写唤起读者的共鸣,令读者联想到自己的亲身体验,从而能够更清楚地理解文中所讲的“自然”的内含。这部分描写多采用口语,常以疑问句引出论述,语言简练,文风活泼。第三章阐述了“自然”一词的两次引进的历史,但是,文章并未按照历史时间的顺序阐述。此外,这部分的文中交替出现了英、汉、日三语词汇,并且,多处省略了主语。诸如此类的叙述和语言特色给准确理解和翻译这部分的内容带来了一定的难度。另外,原作中多次出现“自然”“农民”“视线”等词语,然而,并非每处的词形与意思都完全相同。基于以上这些特点,笔者在翻译过程中必须采用不同的翻译策略,如对第一章和第二章,在准确把握简练语言中所包含的完整含义的基础上用同样精简的中文翻译,同时保持文风轻松的特点,让中国读者读后也能联想到自己日常生活中的场景。对于未按历史时间顺序叙述的第三章,译者则需要站在整体的高度,理清文中的逻辑再行翻译,做到译文用词前后一致,内在逻辑不混乱。衔接和连贯是语篇语言学理论,是文本实现语义上紧密相连的重要影响因素。衔接是指通过词汇和语法等句法手段,使文本在语义上前后联系。连贯是指语义上的更深层次的关系,它超越语篇的表面结构,着眼整个文本的整体衔接。因为不同语言之间句法衔接网络不同,所以起点文本和目标文本各自衔接和连贯的实现方式也不同。因此,笔者尝试在该理论框架下,从语法词汇以及文本语境和逻辑方面探讨原文和译文的衔接与连贯,旨在斟酌出前后衔接紧密,语言连贯,逻辑清晰的译文。本翻译实践报告主要包括以下四个部分:第一章阐述起点文本的特征,并在此基础上分析整理此次翻译实践中的难点。第二章说明本报告中所涉及的衔接与连贯理论,结合理论,讨论衔接与连贯理论在《日本人眼中的自然》翻译中的适用性。第三章列举实例,主要从语法、词汇以及语境和文本逻辑的角度,探讨加强译文衔接与连贯的具体翻译方法。第四章总结此次翻译实践的经验,反省不足。通过分析归纳,笔者对此次翻译实践总结如下:第一,比较暧昧的文本中的指示词和代用词的翻译不能一概而论,需从前后文中找到具体的指示和代替部分,结合考虑中文文本的衔接与连贯翻译;第二,日文中省略较多的部分必须先有意识地明确被省略的内容,之后按照中文的行文要求,译出流畅且不会产生歧义的译文;第三,译者无需过于拘泥于文本的细处,应适时站在文本整体的高度理清楚原文的语言逻辑,明确文本语境后再回到各个细节,结合前后文进行翻译。第四,无论中文还是日文,衔接与连贯都是文章写作的基本要求,同时,衔接与连贯又与遣词造句、文字表达紧密关联。因此,笔者进一步认识到继续同时加强母语和外语学习以及提高文学素养的重要性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The report is based on the translation practice of the content from chapters 1,2 and3 in Nature: in the Eyes of Japanese,and the report aims to summarize the translation experience and reflect on my own shortcomings in translation by tracing the specific translation problems.The theory of cohesion and coherence has obtained many achievements on research in China,some of which combining translation,but most of them are concentrated in the field of English translation,but few related to Japanese translation.So the author also hope this report can provide some reference.Starting with daily things and with “nature” as the keyword,original text expounds on two perspectives of viewing nature by Japanese people,on the two-time introduction and the meaning of the word “nature”,and the transitional process of Japanese thinking pattern.In the first two chapters,the author describes many daily moments,intending to make readers recall their experience and resonate with them,so that they can better understand the connotation of “nature”.Therefore,descriptions in this part feature with oral English and sentences with questions in concise language and in a lively style.The third chapter elaborates the two-time introduction of “nature”.The not-in-historical-time-sequence explanation,the alternated appearance of English,Chinese and Japanese words,and the omission of subjects,all contribute to the difficulty in understanding.In addition,the meaning of words such as “nature” differ in different situations.Thus,the translator should accurately grasp the meaning hidden in the concise language and deliver with refined Chinese language and in a lively style while translating the first two chapters,thus the Chinese readers could recall their daily life after reading.For the third part,as the author adopts a reversed chronological order,the translator needs to take the text as a whole,sort out the logic and then translate,only in this way,can the translation maintain an orderly delivery with consistent words.Cohesion and coherence,under the framework of text linguistics,are important factors influencing the realization of semantic connection.To achieve cohesion refers to achieve a semantic connection by syntactic means such as vocabulary and grammar.Coherence refers to a deeper semantic relationship,which focuses not only on surface structures but on the overall cohesion.As syntactic cohesion varies among different languages,source text and target text achieve cohesion and coherence in different ways respectively.Therefore,the translator tries to explore cohesion and coherence in the source text and the translated version from perspectives on grammar,vocabulary,context,and logic,and tries to translate in a closely connected,coherent and logical order.This report primarily consists of the following four parts:Based on the elaboration of the characteristics of the source text in the first chapter,the translator analyzes the translation difficulties.The second chapter gives a brief introduction to cohesion and coherence theory,and discusses the applicability of the theory in the practice.The third chapter explores the application of the theory in the translation from perspectives on grammar,vocabulary,context,and logic with examples.The last chapter sums up the experience of this practice.By analyzing and inducting,the translator draws conclusions as follows:First,in texts of high ambiguity,demonstratives and pronouns in Japanese cannot be simply translated into “this” and “that”.Instead,we should specify the referents from the context by taking into consideration of cohesion and coherence while translating;secondly,the translator should compensate for what’s been omitted in Japanese to ensure a smooth translation;third,the translator should pay attention to the whole context,sort out the logic and the context of the source text,and then make a precise translation.Finally,cohesion and coherence are the fundamental requirements for writing,and are closely related to sentence making and word expression.Therefore,the author realizes the importance of enhancing Chinese and Japanese language and improving literary qualification.更多还原