【作者】 李彤；

【导师】 陈静静；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 新闻与传播， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 2020年新冠肺炎疫情(COVID-19)在全球蔓延,作为拥有相当话语权的美国媒体,其对于新冠疫情的涉华报道对国际舆论发挥着重要作用。美国媒体将新闻专业主义和报道客观性原则奉为圭臬,然而发轫于美国政党政治的新闻媒体,不可避免地会受到美国政府的影响。作为美国最大的两大政党,美国民主党派倾向媒体和共和党派倾向媒体是如何报道涉华疫情新闻的,在对待涉华疫情报道时,不同党派倾向媒体所建构了怎样的报道框架,报道框架的呈现又有何意义。研究不同党派的美国媒体在国际社交媒体平台的涉华议题及报道框架,有利于了解和预测中国在国际局势中的地位和未来走向,为中国有针对性的对外传播提供借鉴和参考。本研究以新冠肺炎疫情为背景,以框架理论为基础,以党派倾向性为研究视角,选取了美国民主党倾向和共和党倾向的八家媒体在社交媒体Twitter的涉华疫情相关报道作为研究对象,使用内容分析法与文本分析法,对2020年1月9日美国媒体首次对涉华疫情的报道至2020年12月31日为期一年的报道进行分析。研究比较了两党派倾向媒体在报道历时性、信源引用、报道议题、报道体裁、标题制作、意识形态以及受众情感倾向的差异性,并总结出了两党派倾向媒体的报道框架。共和党派倾向媒体构建了疫情归因框架、疫情政治化框架以及问题-解决方案框架,民主党派倾向媒体形成了疫情归因框架、经济后果框架以及人情味框架。基于疫情之下复杂的中美关系以及美国政局的变化,研究抽样了拜登时期两党派倾向媒体的报道并进行了内容分析。研究发现了两党派倾向媒体在不同党派执政期间的所产生的报道框架的差异。这种差异性既说明了美国媒体在新闻生产之中所受到的政党偏向影响,又折射出美国不同党派对华态度与政策的偏差,美国不同党派倾向媒体与政党在这样的互动过程中建构了“美国眼中的中国镜像”。本研究认为,美国民主党派倾向媒体和共和党派倾向媒体受制于各自支持的政党主张,在议题报道关注方面存有较大差异。但美国政党及媒体在人权问题及对华意识形态方面存在超党派共识。美国不同党派倾向媒体涉华报道之所以会产生倾向性,一方面是美国媒体与政党之间的暧昧关系由来已久,另一方面,总统对华政策也对美国媒体涉华报道倾向性产生了影响。同时,美国与中国之间的政治互信缺失使得美国媒体在涉华报道时也会产生报道偏向。针对美国不同党派倾向媒体涉华议题报道的差异与对华态度,我国需要进一步加强外宣智库建设,增强对美国不同党派涉华议题报道的研究,创新新闻叙事方式,借力国际社交媒体平台输出智库观点,提高中国媒体对外传播话语影响力。更多还原

【Abstract】 New pneumonia epidemic(COVID-19)is spreading around the world in 2020.As a US media with considerable discourse power,its China-related reports on the new crown epidemic play an important role in international public opinion.The American media regards journalism professionalism and the principle of reporting objectivity as the standard.However,news media originating from American party politics will inevitably be influenced by the American government.As the two largest political parties in the United States,how do the Democratic tendentiousness of media and the Republican tendentiousness of media in the United States report on China-related epidemic news? What does it mean to present.Studying the China-related issues and reporting frameworks of the American media of different parties on international social media platforms is conducive to understanding and predicting China’s status and future direction in the international situation,and provides reference and reference for China’s targeted foreign communication.This study takes the COVID-19 epidemic as the background,based on the framework theory,and takes political bias as the research perspective,and selects the reports on the China-related epidemic on the social media Twitter of eight American Democratic and Republican tendentiousness of media as the research object.The content analysis method and text analysis method are used to analyze the one year report from January9,2020,the US media’s first report on the China-related epidemic to December 31,2020.The research compares the differences in reporting duration,source selection,reporting topics,reporting genres,headline production,ideology,and audience emotional tendencies between the two-partisan-oriented media,and summarizes the reporting framework of the two-partisan-oriented media.The Republican tendentiousness of media constructed the epidemic attribution framework,the epidemic politicization framework,and the problem-solution framework,while the Democratic tendentiousness of media formed the epidemic attribution framework,the economic consequence framework,and the human sentiment framework.Based on the complicated Sino-U.S.relations and changes in the U.S.political situation under the epidemic,the study sampled the reports of the bipartisan-oriented media during the Biden era and conducted content analysis.The study found differences in the reporting framing produced by the bipartisan-leaning media during different parties’ administrations.This difference not only shows the influence of political parties in the news production of the American media,but also reflects the deviation of different American political parties’ attitudes and policies towards China."The mirror image of China in the eyes of the United States".This study believes that the Democratic tendentiousness of media and Republican tendentiousness of media in the United States are constrained by the political parties they support,and there is a big difference in the coverage of issues.However,American political parties and media have a non-partisan consensus on human rights issues and ideology toward China.The reason why the US media with different party affiliations has a tendency to report on China is that,on the one hand,the ambiguous relationship between the US media and political parties has a long history;influences.At the same time,the lack of political mutual trust between the U.S.and China makes U.S.media biased when reporting on China.In view of the differences and attitudes toward China in the media coverage of China-related issues by different parties in the United States,my country needs to further strengthen the construction of external publicity,strengthen research on the reports of different parties in the United States on Chinarelated issues,innovate news narrative methods,and leverage international social media platforms to output views,improve the discourse influence of Chinese media in foreign communication.更多还原