【作者】 张灿；

【导师】 姜泽军；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 粒子物理与原子核物理， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 TeV晕(TeV halo)是近年来在中年脉冲星周围新发现的一类TeV伽马射线扩展源,其尺度在几十个pc范围。研究表明,TeV晕内高能伽马射线是由逃离出脉冲星风云的相对论性能量电子与背景辐射场内的光子发生逆康普顿散产生。但电子是如何扩散到如此大的尺度仍不清楚,对传统的粒子扩散过程提出了挑战。目前确认的TeV晕有三个,两个由HAWC探测器发现,一个由国家重大科技基础设施高海拔宇宙线观测站(LHAASO)发现,随着LHAASO观测的深入,必将发现更多的TeV晕,有助于深入开展高能粒子的产生、加速及扩散等物理过程。在本论文中,我们主要开展TeV晕高能物理过程研究。在第二章中,我们介绍了脉冲星、脉冲星风云及TeV晕的基本知识,在第三章中,详细介绍了TeV晕的观测特性及高能辐射模型,包括粒子扩散过程、不同电子谱注入对能谱的影响等,介绍了解释TeV晕的单区和双区模型。在第四章中,我们把模型应用到七个源中,其中三颗脉冲星PSR J0622+3749、Geminga和Monogem周围的TeV晕已经被证实,两个颗脉冲星PSR J0633+0632和PSR B0540+23附近探测到的TeV扩展源HWAC J0635+070和HAWC J0543+233是可能的TeV晕,脉冲星PSR J1831-0952和PSR J2032+4127周围的扩展源2HWC J1831-0981 和2HWC J0231+415大概率是TeV晕。主要研究结果如下:(1)利用单区慢扩模型与双区扩散模型分别对LHAASO J0621+3755、Geminga和Monogem的TeV晕的辐射光谱进行拟合,较好地解释了观测结果,得到相关的参数并对比两个模型之间的差异;(2)得到了其余4个源的TeV辐射能谱,并与LHAASO灵敏度曲线进行了比较,将来LHAASO有望对研究结果进行验证,从而进一步开展TeV晕的理论研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 TeV halo is one kind of newly discovered extended TeV gamma ray sources around the middle-aged gamma rays pulsars,and the scale is about several ten pc.The studies showed that the gamma rays from TeV halo are produced by the inverse Compton scattering of relativistic electrons escaping form pulsar wind nebula with soft photons.However,how electron diffuse to such a large distance is still unknown,which challenge the traditional particle diffusion model.There are three confirmed TeV halos,two of which were discovered by HAWC detector and one by Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO).With the further observation of LHAASO,more TeV halos will be detected,which can help us to understand the physics of TeV halo.In the thesis,we mainly study the high-energy physical process of TeV halo.In the Chapter 2,we introduce the basic knowledge of pulsars,pulsar wind nebulae and TeV halos.In the Chapter 3,the observational characteristics of TeV halo and the high-energy radiation model are introduced in detail,including the particle diffusion process,influence of different injection electron spectrum on the energy spectrum.And we further introduce the one-zone and two-zone models to explain TeV halo.In the Chapter 4,we apply the models to seven sources,including three identified TeV halos,i.e.,LHAASO J0621+3755 that around PSR J0622+3749,the TeV halo of Geminga and Monogem.Two sources,HWAC J0635+070 and HAWC J0543+233,are detected near PSR J0633+0632 and PSR B0540+23,which are reported as possible TeV halo.The expansion sources 2HWC J1831-0981 and 2HWC J0231+415 around PSR J1831+0952 and PSR J2032+4127 have high probability of being TeV halo.The main results are as follows.(1)We use one-zone slow diffusion model and two-zone diffusion model to fit the radiation spectrum of LHAASO J0621+3755,Geminga and Monogem’s TeV halo.The observed results can be will reproduced,and we obtained the model parameters,and compare the differences between the two models.(2)the radiation energy spectrum of the remaining four sources is predicted and compared with the LHHASO sensitivity,which can be observed by LHAASO observation.更多还原