【作者】 王琳；

【导师】 肖登辉；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 宪法学与行政法学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 失信联合惩戒与社会信用体系的建设一同发展,以应用于行业信用为起点逐步渗透到社会各个领域,有效地提高了社会诚信治理水平。同时,随着“一处失信,处处受限”逐步成为现实,实践中也出现了惩戒措施泛化、矫枉过正的现象。信用修复机制为失信主体的信用重建提供了方法和途径,是失信联合惩戒制度的有机组成,也是社会信用体系建设的内在要求。目前,我国的信用修复机制建设仍处于起步探索阶段。在立法上,信用修复机制以政策和规范性文件为主,未形成统一的法律规范体系,立法位阶低,呈现零碎化的状态。实践中也出现了信用修复条件宽泛、信用修复方式规定不充分、运行程序零散粗略、监督体系薄弱等问题,严重制约了信用修复机制的规范化进程。因此,本文以行政法学为研究视角,辅以其他部门法学,以信用修复机制的基础理论为研究起点,立足于信用修复机制的规范缕析和运行机理,分析实践中的困境,从而提出完善信用修复机制的对策建议,以期推动信用修复机制的法治化与系统化,助力社会诚信体系的建设。本文主要由四个部分组成:第一部分以我国信用修复机制的制度背景和理论为切入点,聚焦于信用修复的概念界定,明确信用修复仅指信用行为的修复,确定本文的研究方向。并通过对信用修复分类的梳理以及对建立信用修复机制必要性的阐释,为后文有针对性地提出完善建议提供理论基础。第二部分主要是对我国信用修复机制的运行进行分析。首先从制度层面梳理了信用修复机制的规范依据,从中得出其运行机理,进而对实践中信用修复机制的运行现状进行阐述。第三部分在前文分析的基础之上,从实际出发,探讨了我国信用修复机制在立法和运行中存在的问题,主要包括信用修复机制未形成统一的法律规范体系、实体内容缺乏可操作性、运行程序零散粗略、监督体系薄弱的问题。第四部分利用比较分析法,通过考察国外先进的信用修复制度,在适应国情的基础之上,为我国信用修复机制的完善提出可行性建议。具体包括建立完整的信用修复规范体系,提升立法位阶、增强信用修复规范的可操作性、规范信用修复运行程序、加强监督体系建设四个维度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The joint punishment for dishonesty develops together with the construction of social credit system,and gradually penetrates into all areas of society from the starting point of its application in industry credit,effectively improving the level of social integrity governance.At the same time,along with " one place of dishonesty,everywhere restriction " gradually become a reality,in practice also appeared the phenomenon of punitive measures generalization,overcorrection.Credit repair mechanism provides methods and approaches for the credit reconstruction of untrustworthy subjects,is an organic component of the joint punishment system for trust-breaking,and is also the internal requirement of the construction of social credit system.At present,China’s credit repair mechanism construction is still in the initial stage of exploration.In terms of legislation,the credit repair mechanism is mainly based on policies and normative documents,and there is no unified legal and normative system,and the legislative rank is low,presenting fragmentary state.In practice,there are also some problems,such as broad credit repair conditions,lack of credit repair methods,scattered and rough operation procedures,and weak supervision system,which seriously restrict the normalization process of credit repair mechanism.Therefore,based on the Angle of administrative law,supplemented by other department law,based on credit repair mechanisms theory as the starting point and foothold in various legal norms and operation mechanism of credit repair mechanism,analysis of difficulties in practice,and proposes countermeasures and Suggestions to perfect the credit repair mechanism,in order to promote credit repair mechanisms under the rule of law and systematic,We will help build a social credit system.This paper is mainly composed of four parts:The first part takes the institutional background and theory of China’s credit repair mechanism as the entry point,focuses on the definition of the concept of credit repair,makes it clear that credit repair only refers to the repair of credit behavior,and determines the research direction of this paper.Through sorting out the classification of credit repair and explaining the necessity of establishing a credit repair mechanism,this paper provides a theoretical basis for putting forward targeted suggestions for improvement.The second part mainly analyzes the operation of credit repair mechanism in China.Firstly,the normative basis of credit repair mechanism is sorted out from the institutional level,from which its operation mechanism is obtained,and then the operation status of credit repair mechanism in practice is elaborated.Based on the previous analysis,the third part discusses the problems existing in the legislation and operation of my country’s credit repair mechanism based on the previous analysis,mainly including the lack of a unified legal and normative system for the credit repair mechanism,lack of operability in entity content,The operation procedures are fragmented and rough,and the supervision system is weak.The fourth part makes use of the comparative analysis method,through inspecting the foreign advanced credit repair system,on the basis of adapting to the national conditions,puts forward the feasible suggestions for the perfection of the credit repair mechanism in our country.Specifically,it includes the establishment of a complete credit repair standard system,the promotion of legislative rank,the enhancement of the operability of credit repair norms,the standardization of the operation procedures of credit repair,and the strengthening of the construction of supervision system.更多还原