【作者】 王宁；

【导师】 刘琰；

【作者基本信息】 中国医科大学 ， 护理（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:汉化高龄老年人心理弹性量表The resilience scale for the oldest-old(RSO),检验中文版高龄老年人心理弹性量表的信效度,为我国高龄老年人心理弹性的测量提供可靠的评估工具。应用中文版RSO调查分析高龄老年人的心理弹性现状及其影响因素,为医疗工作者采取有效措施提高高龄老年人的心理弹性水平提供参考依据。方法:(1)严格遵循改良的Brislin模式对RSO量表进行翻译和回译,形成中文版RSO量表。采用便利抽样法于2021年10月～2022年7月在辽宁省沈阳市3个社区和中国医科大学附属一院体检中心共选取了473名高龄老人。采用项目分析法筛选量表条目,内容效度和结构效度评估中文版RSO效度,Cronbach’sα系数和重测信度评估中文版RSO的信度。(2)量表的应用:使用高龄老年人一般资料表、社会支持评定表SSRS及中文版高龄老年人心理弹性量表于2022年7月～10月期间在中国医科大学附属一院体检中心选取符合纳入标准的108名高龄老年人,运用SPSS27.0进行统计分析;采用t检验、单因素分析法、Pearson相关分析、及多元线性回归探究高龄老年人心理弹性的影响因素。结果:(1)汉化后中文版RSO量表为单维度9个条目,具有较高的内部一致性,Cronbach’sα系数为0.927。RSO中文版的内容效度指数为0.890。探索性因子分析提取1个公因子,累计方差贡献率为61.26%。验证性因子分析单因子结构拟合结果良好,χ~2/df=2.206 RMSEA=0.071 GFI=0.945,AGFI=0.909,NFI=0.958,TLI=0.968,CFI=0.976,IFI=0.977。此外,RSO重测信度为0.785。条目-总体相关性在0.752到0.832之间。(2)经t检验、单因素分析和多元线性回归分析结果表明,教育程度、宗教信仰,运动频率、自评健康状况和对支持的利用度是高龄老年人心理弹性的影响因素。5个因素可解释高龄老年人心理弹性水平差异的51.2%。(R~2=0.512,调整后R~2=0.450,F=8.294,P<0.001)。结论:研究结果表明,中文版RSO问卷与源量表具有相同结构,且具有良好的信度和效度,可以推荐给卫生和社会服务机构使用,作为评估社区内高龄老人抗压能力的工具。本研究高龄老年人心理弹性处于中等水平。高龄老年人心理弹性受教育程度、宗教信仰、支持的利用度、自评健康状况、运动频率等因素的影响。因而医疗工作者在未来工作中应对高龄老年人详细宣教,从而提高高龄老年人的心理弹性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives:The resilience scale for the oldest-old(RSO)is a Chinese version of the RSO to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version and to provide a reliable assessment tool for measuring the psychological resilience of the oldest old in China.The Chinese version of the RSO was used to analyze the current situation of psychological resilience of the oldest old and its influencing factors,so as to provide a reference basis for medical practitioners to take effective measures to improve the psychological resilience of the oldest old.METHODS:1.Strictly follow the improved Brislin model to translate and back-translate the RSO scale to form the Chinese version of the RSO scale.A total of 473 oldest-old people were selected using a convenience sampling method from October 2021 to July2022 in three communities in Shenyang,Liaoning Province,and at the medical check-up center of the First Hospital of China Medical University.The item analysis method was used to screen the scale items,the content validity and construct validity were used to evaluate the validity of the Chinese version of the RSO,and the Cronbach’sαcoefficient and retest reliability were used to evaluate the reliability of the Chinese version of the RSO.2.Using the General Information Form for the oldest-old,the Social Support Rating Scale SSRS and the Chinese version of the Psychological Resilience Scale for the oldest-old,108 older adults who met the inclusion criteria were selected from July to October 2022 at the Medical Examination Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0;t-test,one-way analysis of variance,Pearson correlation analysis,and Multiple linear regression was used to explore the factors influencing the psychological resilience of the elderly in their senior years.Results:1.After Sinicization,the Chinese version of the RSO scale has 9 items in a single dimension,with high internal consistency,and the Cronbach’sαcoefficient is 0.927.The content validity index of the Chinese version of RSO is 0.890.One common factor was extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 61.26%.The single factor structure fitting result of confirmatory factor analysis was good,χ~2/df=2.206 RMSEA=0.071 GFI=0.945,AGFI=0.909,NFI=0.958,TLI=0.968,CFI=0.976,IFI=0.977.In addition,the RSO test-retest reliability was 0.785.Entry-overall correlations ranged from 0.752 to 0.832.2.The results of t-test,univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,religious belief,exercise frequency,self-assessed health status,and utilization of support were the influencing factors of the psychological resilience of the elderly.Five factors can explain 51.2%of the difference in the level of resilience among the elderly.(R~2=0.512,adjusted R~2=0.450,F=8.294,P<0.001.)Conclusion:The research results show that the Chinese version of the RSO questionnaire has the same structure as the source scale,and has good reliability and validity.It can be recommended to health and social service agencies as a tool to assess the stress resistance of the elderly in the community.In this study,the psychological resilience of the elderly is at a moderate level.The psychological resilience of the elderly is affected by factors such as education level,religious belief,utilization of support,self-assessed health status,and exercise frequency.Therefore,medical workers should provide detailed education to the elderly in their future work,so as to improve the psychological resilience of the elderly.更多还原