【作者】 李响；

【导师】 刘剑航（Chien-hang Liu）；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 外国语言文学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 伊丽莎白·盖斯凯尔和夏洛蒂·勃朗特是维多利亚时期两位具有代表性的女性作家,她们都具有前卫的女性独立意识,能够看到社会的伪善以及女性受到的不公平的待遇,并通过其作品为女性权利斗争。虽然维多利亚时期的作品开始关注女性地位以及女性的一些权利,但是大部分作品都是以正常社会规范下的女性为主,很少有作品能注意到或者正视社会边缘外的女性。盖斯凯尔作品《露丝》中的露丝·希尔顿和勃朗特作品《简·爱》中的伯莎·梅森都属于被常规社会规范排斥在外的女性形象:露丝是英国本土的堕落女子,而伯莎则是来自被殖民国家的疯癫妻子,她们之间既有相似的处境,又有着完全不同的社会背景。因此,本文以疾病隐喻的视角来解读露丝·希尔顿和伯莎·梅森在小说中的意涵。该论文一共包括五个章节。第一章为介绍部分,分别对两位作家,伊丽莎白·盖斯凯尔和夏洛蒂·勃朗特和她们的两部作品作简要概述,以及两部作品的研究状况和本论文需要用到的理论进行介绍。第二章简要介绍了维多利亚时期女性和疾病的联系,并且介绍了两位不同类型但都被社会视为“不健康”的女性,以及她们所面临的生存困境。第三章和第四章分别描述了两部作品中的所出现的疾病,分析了疾病对露丝和伯莎这两位特殊女性的隐喻。第三章首先介绍了《露丝》中所爆发的瘟疫——斑疹伤寒的产生原因,其次分析了斑疹伤寒对露丝所产生的两个隐喻,其中一个是以瘟疫作为中介,为露丝道德的救赎提供了桥梁;另一个则是作者对像露丝这类堕落女子的真实看法。第四章以《简·爱》中的“疯女人”伯莎·梅森为主体,先介绍了她疯癫的原因,其次分析了伯莎的疯癫所带来的两个隐喻,首先伯莎的存在很可能是简·爱心中极端自我的外化;另一个分析了夏洛蒂·勃朗特作为优越的帝国人民隐蔽的殖民思想。最后一章则是总结,通过对维多利亚时期两位不同身份的特殊女性的分析,反映了维多利亚时代女性所受到的压迫。权力总是以不同的方式规范女性,或被剥夺正常身份,或被剥夺话语权,反映了维多利亚时期特殊女性的生存困境。同时,通过对两部作品的深度解读,可以看出即使是思想先进的作家仍然会受到维多利亚社会固有的意识形态影响,其作品具有一定的思想局限性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Elizabeth Gaskell and Charlotte Bront? are two representative Victorian female writers,both with an avant-garde sense of female independence,who were able to see the hypocrisy of society and the injustice done to women and fight for their rights through their works.Since the Victorian period,literary works began to focus on the status of women and some of their rights,but most of the works focus on women within the normal social standards,only a few works noting or confronting women outside the margins of society.Ruth Hilton in Ruth and Bertha Mason in Jane Eyre both belong to the category of women who are excluded from conventional social norms: Ruth is a fallen woman from native England,while Bertha is a mad wife from a colonized country,with similar situations and completely different social backgrounds between them.This thesis,therefore,uses the metaphor of illness as a theory to examinate the meanings of Ruth Hilton and Bertha Mason in the novel.The thesis consists of five chapters.The first chapter is an introductory section,which gives a brief overview of two authors,Elizabeth Gaskell,and Charlotte Bront?,and their two works,Ruth and Jane Eyre,as well as an introduction to the state of research on both works and the theories that need to be used in this thesis.Chapter two focuses on the associations between females and the illness in the Victorian period,and introduces two types of women who are considered unhealthy,and the existential dilemmas they face.Chapters three and four introduce the illnesses that appear in each of the two works and analyze the metaphor of illness for the two particular women,Ruth Hilton and Bertha Mason.Chapter three firstly introduces the causes of the typhus outbreak in Ruth,and secondly analyzes the two metaphors that typhus produces for Ruth,one of which is the author’s use of the plague as a mediator to provide a bridge to Ruth’s moral redemption,and the other is the author’s realistic view of a fallen woman like Ruth.The fourth chapter focuses on Bertha Mason,the “madwoman” of Jane Eyre,firstly introducing the reasons for her madness and then analyzing two metaphors for Bertha’s madness,the first being that Bertha’s existence is probably an externalization of the extreme ego in Jane Eyre’s mind and the other is Charlotte Bront?’s hidden colonial ideology as a superior imperial person.The final chapter concludes with an analysis of two particular Victorian women with different identities,which reveals the oppression of women at that time.The authority has always regulated women in multiple ways,either by denying them a normal identity or by denying them a voice,which reflects the existential plight of particular Victorian women.At the same time,an in-depth reading of the two works shows that even advanced-minded writers are still influenced by the inherent ideology of Victorian society and have certain ideological limitations.更多还原