【作者】 张莹；

【导师】 俞风雷；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 法律（非法学）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 2020年10月17日,第十三届全国人大常委员通过了《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改<中华人民共和国专利法>的决定》,确立了局部外观设计专利制度。由于这一专利保护制度需要和我国现行外观设计专利制度相衔接,因此就不能完全照搬引入这一制度,需要对局部外观设计专利制度的具体细则进行研究和梳理。本文介绍了我国引入局部外观设计的历程,通过代表性案例对我国现有的“局部要素”判断法、“整体观察、综合判断”方法对局部外观设计保护的影响逐一进行分析。以日本、美国等国家为例,对这些国家的局部外观设计专利制度进行归纳与梳理,虽然各国的专利授权与侵权判定具体细则不尽相同,但各自有其特点。在此基础上,本文提出了对我国局部外观设计专利保护的具体制度构想。即在专利授权审查方面应当根据局部外观设计的特点对申请文件的要求做出规范。专利名称宜采用“产品名称+局部设计在产品的部位”的命名方式,提交的视图宜采用国际上通行的“实线+虚线”的方式绘制,并在简要说明中以实线部分作为解释的切入点,对有歧义的虚线部分应当予以解释。在判断主体方面,新颖性的判断主体可以沿用“一般消费者”这一法律拟制人,但还需对其能力进行提升,对于创造性的判断主体宜采用本领域设计人员。在保护范围确定上,考虑到局部外观设计应当与产品其他部位的设计自然衔接才能融入到整体设计中,并满足同类产品自身的独特美感,因此局部外观设计在整体设计的位置、产品种类等因素应当对保护范围起到限定作用。在侵权判定方面,侵权判断主体标准可沿用“一般消费者”这一法律拟制人,在认知能力上增加判断主体对于局部设计细节的把握,在认知水平上不仅要考虑局部外观设计在整体产品的创作空间内的常用设计,还要考虑由于局部外观设计本身创作自由度、局部设计与其他部位设计的自然衔接等因素带来的常用设计手法。对于局部外观设计相同或相近的判断上可采用“局部比对+综合判断”的方法进行比对。更多还原

【Abstract】 On October 17,2020,the Standing Committee of the 13 th National People’s Congress passed the "Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on Amending the Patent Law of the People’s Republic of China",establishing a partial design patent system.Since this patent protection system needs to be connected with my country’s current design patent system,it cannot be completely copied through legal transplantation.This requires research and review of the specific rules of the partial design patent system.This article introduces the process of introducing partial designs in our country,and analyzes the influence of the existing "partial element" judgment method and "overall observation and comprehensive judgment" method on the protection of partial designs through representative cases.Take Japan,the United States and other countries as examples to summarize and sort out the partial design patent systems of these countries.Although the specific rules for patent authorization and infringement judgments are different in each country,each has its own characteristics.On this basis,this article puts forward a specific system conception for the protection of partial design patents in my country.The conclusion is that the requirements for application documents should be regulated in accordance with the characteristics of the partial design in the patent authorization examination.The patent name should adopt the naming method of "product name + partial design on the part of the product",and the submitted views should be drawn in the internationally accepted "solid line + dashed line" method,and the solid line part should be used as the entry point for the explanation in the brief description.The ambiguity of the dotted line should be explained.In terms of judging subjects,the judging subject of novelty can follow the legal fiction of the "general consumer",but its ability needs to be improved.For creative judging subjects,designers in this field should be adopted.In determining the scope of protection,considering that the partial design should be naturally connected with the design of other parts of the product in order to be integrated into the overall design and meet the unique beauty of similar products,factors such as the overall location of the partial design and the product category should limit the scope of protection.In terms of infringement judgment,the standard of the subject of infringement judgment can follow the legal fictitious person of "general consumer".At the cognitive level,not only the common design of partial design in the creative space of the overall product must be considered.,but also consider the common design techniques brought about by factors such as the creative freedom of the partial design itself,the natural connection between the partial design and the design of other parts.For judgments of the same or similar partial design patents,the method of "partial comparison + comprehensive judgment" can be used for comparison.更多还原