【作者】 李晋；

【导师】 郭春喜；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 测绘工程（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,我国遭受地面沉降灾害的城市已超过了50多个,集中分布在长江三角洲、华北平原、汾渭盆地等地区,地面沉降灾害正不断制约着我国区域经济社会的可持续发展。通过对地面沉降的监测能够加快推进地面沉降防治工作,减少带来不必要的损失。然而目前的地面沉降监测工作仍存在一些不足,如运营成本高、自动化程度低、时效性差等。针对以上普遍存在的问题,本文设计了基于普适型GNSS接收机的地面沉降实时监测系统,主要的研究成果如下:(1)针对目前我国地面沉降监测工作中存在的不足,重点分析了地面沉降监测系统的应用需求,提出了地面沉降监测系统的总体框架,并对系统的硬件设备组成和软件系统架构进行了设计。(2)为了实现GNSS实时数据流的稳定传输,提出了基于Ntrip协议的实时数据采集传输方案,该方案可实现稳定实时传输的同时,还能够对监测数据进行实时质量分析,且结果和可靠性均有保证。为了降低监测设备的硬件成本,研究了利用普适型GNSS接收机进行地面沉降监测的关键技术问题,提出了一种基于GAMIT/GLOBK和TRACK的静态、动态定位技术相结合的监测技术路线。该监测技术可输出单日解和实时单历元解,计算结果表明:静态单日解的精度可达5mm、动态单历元解的精度可达1cm左右,完全可用于大范围实时地面沉降监测。(3)探讨了普适型GNSS实时地面沉降监测系统的适用性问题,成功搭建了北京市地面沉降监测实验系统。该系统不仅提高了地面沉降监测的自动化程度,还解决了地面沉降监测中成本高、时效性差、无法实时分析等问题。通过对近一年的监测结果分析,得出平面精度在5mm以内,高程精度约10mm。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,more than 50 cities in China have suffered from land subsidence disaster,concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta,North China plain,Fenwei Basin and other areas,land subsidence disaster is constantly restricting the sustainable development of China’s regional social economy.The monitoring of land subsidence can accelerate the prevention and control of land subsidence and reduce unnecessary losses.However,the current monitoring work of land subsidence still has some shortcomings,such as high operating cost,low automation,poor timeliness and so on.In view of the above problems,this paper designed a real-time monitoring system of land subsidence based on universal GNSS receiver.The main research results are as follows:(1)In view of the deficiencies in the current land subsidence monitoring work in China,this paper focuses on the application requirements of the land subsidence monitoring system,puts forward the overall framework of the land subsidence monitoring system,and designs the hardware equipment composition and software system architecture of the system.(2)In order to realize the stable transmission of GNSS real-time data stream,a real-time data acquisition and transmission scheme based on Ntrip protocol is proposed.This scheme can not only realize the stable real-time transmission,but also analyze the real-time quality of monitoring data,and the results and reliability are guaranteed.In order to reduce the hardware cost of monitoring equipment,the key technical problems of land subsidence monitoring using universal GNSS receiver are studied,and a monitoring technical route based on the combination of static and dynamic positioning technology based on GAMIT / GLOBK and track is proposed.The monitoring technology can output single day solution and real-time single epoch solution.The calculation results show that the accuracy of static single day solution can reach 5mm and that of dynamic single epoch solution can reach about 1cm.It can be used for large-scale realtime land subsidence monitoring.(3)The applicability of universal GNSS real-time land subsidence monitoring system is discussed,and the Beijing land subsidence monitoring experimental system is successfully established.The system not only improves the automation of land subsidence monitoring,but also solves the problems of high cost,poor timeliness and unable to analyze in real time.Through the analysis of monitoring results in recent one year,it is concluded that the plane accuracy is within 5mm and the elevation accuracy is about 10 mm.更多还原