【作者】 马旭；

【导师】 王文成；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 企业管理， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 随着中国经济进入“高质量发展”和“双循环阶段”,工程建设行业的外部环境发生了巨大变化,依附于建设行业的工程造价咨询企业生存发展必然受到一定影响。我国“十三五”规划中提出,推动城镇化发展进程、加快发展现代服务业、深化建筑业“放管服”改革、推进建筑市场的统一开放。“十四五”提出了新老基建共同发力、加速数字化转型等。“一带一路”让企业有了“走出去”机遇的同时,也带来了国际化竞争的威胁。我国经济不断增长,经济政策不断调整,建筑信息模型技术等快速发展,以及我国市场竞争的国际化,促使工程造价咨询企业只有对不断发展的市场需求做出快速反应,才能够确保造价咨询企业在复杂的市场环境下长期的、可持续的生存发展下去。基于上述背景,本文从工程造价市场化改革发展现状着手,以工程造价咨询企业为研究对象,站在有利于促进企业健康生存发展的角度,关注影响工程造价咨询企业生存的影响因素,对企业生存的外部环境、行业环境、内部资源等进行了分析。在充分分析基础上,确定工程造价咨询企业生存现状及面临的问题,以此为基础识别出造价咨询企业的生存影响因素。本文选取2016-2020年度工程造价咨询企业新增加的公司作为样本,运用Cox比例风险生存模型,分析了相关影响因素对工程造价咨询企业生存的具体影响。对企业外部环境研究结果表明,工程造价咨询企业的生存会受到宏观经济的影响。宏观经济分为两方面,一是宏观经济增长,当经济发展速度加快时,加剧了企业之间的竞争,企业死亡率也随之增长;二是宏观经济政策不稳定,当政策频繁发生变化时,企业必须快速准确的做出反应,一些企业不能适应大环境的频繁变化而被淘汰,提高了企业的死亡率。依附于建筑行业的工程造价咨询企业,当所在地区固定资产投资增加时,激发建筑行业的活跃度,从而增加咨询企业外部资源,降低企业死亡率。对行业环境研究结果表明,工程造价咨询企业的生存会受到行业变动的影响。当企业所属地区固定资产投资的增加,整体行业发展向好时,工程造价咨询企业死亡率也会随之降低,反之将增加工程造假咨询企业的死亡率。对企业内部资源研究结果表明,企业可以通过调整内部资源来适应环境的变化。提高企业人员执业技术水平、扩大企业规模、提高企业资质等级,有利于工程造价咨询企业生存发展。针对研究结果,本文提出如下建议。对外,应整合优势资源,可以通过并购、重组及联合经营等方式,将各自优势资源进行整合;加强对政策支持的响应力度,精准定位企业未来业务承揽重心。对内,一方面可以提高从业人员素质。包括提升从业人员技术能力、现场经验及职业道德素养;另一方面,企业可以根据规模异质性选择不同发展方向;此外,要重视企业资质管理,拓宽企业资质方向,使企业能够获得更多资源渠道。更多还原

【Abstract】 With China’s economy entering the "high-quality development" and "double cycle stage",the external environment of construction industry has changed dramatically,the survival and development of engineering cost consulting enterprises related to the construction industry to be inevitably be affected.In the 13 th Five-Year Plan,China proposed to promote the development of urbanization,accelerate the development of service industry,deepen the reformation of "regulation and service" in construction industry,and promote the “unified openness” of the construction market.The 14 th Five-Year Plan put forward the joint development of traditional and modern infrastructure and accelerating the digital transformation.The "Belt and Road" initiative not only gives enterprises the opportunity to "go global",but also brings up the threat of international competition.With the economy growing,and the adjustment of economic policies,rapid development of the building information modeling,and the internationalization of market competition in China,the engineering cost consultation enterprises to have to make rapid response to the growing market demand,in order to ensure the survival and the sustainable development in the complex market environment.Based on the above mentioned background,this article starts from the status of engineering cost market reformation and development,taking cost consultation enterprises as the research object,from the perspective to promote a healthy survival and development of the enterprise,focusing on the factors which influence the survival of the engineering cost consultation enterprises,external environment,industry environment and internal resources.On the basis of the analysis,the status and issues of engineering cost consulting enterprises are determined,on which the factors affecting the survival of cost consulting enterprises are identified.In this article,the newly established companies of engineering cost consulting enterprises from 2016 to 2020 are selected as samples,and the Cox proportional hazard survival model is used to analyze the specific impact of relevant factors on the survival of engineering cost consulting enterprises.The research results of the external environment of the enterprise shows that the survival of the engineering cost consulting enterprise are affected by the macro economy.The influence of macro economy is divided into two aspects,one is the macroeconomic growth,when the economic development speed increased,the competition among enterprises intensifies and the mortality rate of enterprises also increases;the second part is when macroeconomic policies are with uncertainties and unstable,when policies change frequently,enterprises have to respond quickly and accurately,while some enterprises fail to adapt to the frequent changes of the environment,and increases the mortality rate of enterprises.When the investment in fixed assets in the region increases,which energizes the activity of the construction cost consulting enterprises,to increase the external resources of consulting enterprises and reduce the mortality of enterprises in such ways.The results of the research on the industry environment shows that the survival of engineering cost consulting enterprises are affected by industry changes.When the fixed asset investment in the region to which the enterprise belongs increases and the overall industry development improves,the mortality rate of engineering cost consulting enterprises also decrease,and vice versa,it will increase the mortality rate of engineering fraud consulting enterprises.The results of the research on the internal resources of enterprises shows that enterprises can adapt to the changes of the environment by adjusting the internal resources.By improving the technical skill of employees,expanding the scale of enterprise,increasing the level of qualification license,can be beneficial to the survival and development of engineering cost consulting enterprises.According to the research results,this article proposes the following suggestions.Externally,superior resources should be integrated,through mergers and acquisitions,reorganization and joint operations,etc.,to integrate their respective superior resources;To increase the influence on the relevant supporting policies,accurately focus on the core business in the future.Internally,on the one hand to improve the skills of employee,including improving their technical capability,project experience and professional ethics;On the other hand,enterprises can choose different development directions according to the scale heterogeneity.In addition,the enterprise should should also focus on the management of the enterprise qualification license,broaden the applications of the license to increase the channels of obtaining resources.更多还原